وَجَنِّبِ الشَّيْطَانَ مَارَزَقْتَنَا

[𐎂𐎍𐎐𐎗 𐎃𐎐4]

Hi,

In the prayer بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ، اَللّٰهُمَّ جَنِّبْنَا الشَّيْطَانَ وَجَنِّبِ الشَّيْطَانَ مَارَزَقْتَنَا

why is the verb رزقتنا in the past? Why not ترزقنا?

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ، اَللّٰهُمَّ جَنِّبْنَا الشَّيْطَانَ وَجَنِّبِ الشَّيْطَانَ مَا ترزقنا

 

[WadiH]

Prayers are often expressed using the so-called perfect tense.

 

[Ali Smith]

True, but the "prayer" part of this is جَنِّبْ, not رزقتنا.

 

[WadiH]

I think it can be extended to that part, e.g. the qunuut prayer وتولّنا فيمن تولّيت وقنا شر ما قضيت.

 

[Romeel]

Hi,

In the prayer بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ، اَللّٰهُمَّ جَنِّبْنَا الشَّيْطَانَ وَجَنِّبِ الشَّيْطَانَ مَارَزَقْتَنَا

why is the verb رزقتنا in the past? Why not ترزقنا?

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ، اَللّٰهُمَّ جَنِّبْنَا الشَّيْطَانَ وَجَنِّبِ الشَّيْطَانَ مَا ترزقنا

استخدام الماضي أبلغ لأن فيه دلالة على تحقق الوقوع

 

[WadiH]

Yes. According to this exegesis:

قوله ( جنبني ) من جنب بتشديد النون والمراد بما رزقتني الولد وصيغة الماضي للتفاؤل

 

[Ali Smith]

للتفاؤل? Does that mean "for optimism"? If so, how is ما رزقتنا more optimistic than ما ترزقنا?

اللهم جنبنا الشيطان وجنب الشيطان ما رزقتنا
اللهم جنبنا الشيطان وجنب الشيطان ما ترزقنا

 

[Romeel]

للتفاؤل? Does that mean "for optimism"? If so, how is ما رزقتنا more optimistic than ما ترزقنا?

اللهم جنبنا الشيطان وجنب الشيطان ما رزقتنا
اللهم جنبنا الشيطان وجنب الشيطان ما ترزقنا

أنا أعتقد أنها لتحقق الوقوع وليس للتفاؤل كما يقول الموقع

 

[Mahaodeh]

I don’t think that there is a point in debating whether it is للتفاؤل or لتحقق الوقوع (by the way, it could be both as in التفاؤل بتحقق الوقوع), because the real reason is that because it’s دعاء.

There are certain things that are always in the past even when they haven’t actually happened such as hypothetical statements, الحِكَم, and الدعاء. Trying to give a reason won’t get us anywhere, you can debate it till the cows come home but in the end it’s just how the language is.

 

[WadiH]

أنا أعتقد أنها لتحقق الوقوع وليس للتفاؤل كما يقول الموقع

Yes, which is why the ماضي is usually referred to as the 'perfect' tense in English and other languages (i.e. the action has been completed).

 

[Ali Smith]

Yes, which is why the ماضي is usually referred to as the 'perfect' tense in English and other languages (i.e. the action has been completed).

But رزقتني has not been completed, has it?

 

[Romeel]

But رزقتني has not been completed, has it?

Why it's not?

 

[WadiH]

But رزقتني has not been completed, has it?

That's true, but it's used in Arabic to imply certainty or eternity (as has been mentioned above and on many previous threads), which is why it is used in prayers.

 

[Derakhshan]

That's true, but it's used in Arabic to imply certainty or eternity (as has been mentioned above and on many previous threads), which is why it is used in prayers.

Yes, this is the gnomic aspect, which exists in Greek, and also in Persian, where it also uses the simple past tense.