Animal vs meat

Hermocrates

Senior Member
Italian & British English (bilingual)
Hello fellow forer@s! I searched the forum for a similar thread but couldn't find one for all languages.

Would you help me write down a list of the names of animals and their meat in as many languages as possible? I hope this will be fun and useful for a lot of people!

If you can think of more animals I may have forgotten, feel free to add them to your list. Also, feel free to correct my list if you find it incomplete or incorrect.

Please don't forget to indicate the language! :) Thanks!


English

Animal: chicken
Male: cock [BE]; rooster [AE]
Castrated male: capon
Female: hen
Young: chick
Meat: chicken

Animal: duck
Male: drake
Female: duck
Young: duckling
Meat: duck

Animal: sheep
Male: ram
Castrated male: wether
Female: ewe
Young: lamb
Meat: mutton

Animal: goat
Male: billy, buck
Castrated male: wether
Female: nanny
Young: kid
Meat: chevon, mutton

Animal: pig
Male: boar
Castrated male: barrow
Female: sow
Young: piglet
Meat: pork

Animal: cow/bovine
Male: bull
Castrated male: ox [BE]; steer [AE]
Female: cow
Young: calf
Meat: beef

Animal: deer
Male: stag
Female: hind
Young: fawn
Meat: venison

Animal: horse
Male: stallion
Castrated male: gelding
Female: mare
Young: foal
Meat: ??

Animal: donkey
Male: jack
Castrated male: gelding
Female: jenny
Young: foal
Meat: ??


Rye
 
  • A few in Italian:

    -Chicken:
    Animal: pollo
    Male: gallo
    Castrated male: cappone
    Female: gallina
    Young: pulcino
    Meat: pollo

    -Sheep
    Animal: pecora
    Male: ariete / montone
    Castrated male: (montone) castrato
    Female: pecora
    Young: agnello
    Meat: montone

    -Goat
    Animal: capra
    Male: caprone
    Castrated male: (caprone) castrato
    Female: capra
    Young: capretto

    -Pig
    Animal: maiale
    Male: verro
    Castrated male: maiale / porco
    Female: scrofa
    Young: porcellino

    -Cow
    Animal: vacca
    Male: toro
    Castrated male: bue
    Female: vacca / mucca
    Young: vitello
    Meat: manzo

    -Deero
    Animal: cervo / daino
    Male: cervo
    Female: damma
    Young: cerbiatto

    -Horse
    Animal: cavallo
    Male: stallone
    Castrated male: castrato
    Female: giumenta
    Young: puledro
     
    German (standard language varieties only)
    AG = Austrian German
    BG = Bundesdeutsch German
    (Germany only)
    GG =general German
    (not restricted regionally)
    SG = Swiss German
    -SE = South-Eastern
    -SW = South-Western
    -S = South
    i. e.: BG-S = Southern Germany only
    (A great resource for regional standard language terms is de Gruyter's Variantenwörterbuch des Deutschen but I limit my post to those versions I know personally as I am not too sure about connotations of others.)
    *) These Austrian names for meat are substantives derived from adjectives.

    Animal: Huhn
    Male: Hahn [GG]; Gockel [AG BG]
    Castrated male: Kapaun
    Female: Henne
    Young: Küken [BG SG and also AG]; Kücken [AG]
    Meat: Hähnchen [BG]; Poulet [SG]; Hendl [AG BG-SO]

    Animal: Ente [wild one would be: Wildente]
    Male: Erpel [wild ones]; Enterich [domestich male duck]
    Female: Ente [wild one would be: Wildente]
    Young: Entchen [BG]; Entlein [GG]
    Meat: Ente

    Animal: Schaf
    Male: Widder, Schafbock [both GG; in Austria I guess Schafbock is used mostly]
    Castrated male: Hammel
    Female: Schaf, Mutterschaf [both GG]
    Young: Lamm
    Meat: Hammelfleisch, Schaffleisch, Lammfleisch (from Hammel, Schaf, Lamm) [GG] Schöpsernes*) (from Hammel, Schaf) Lämmernes (from Lamm) [AG]
    (Here I am not entirely sure which applies for which and which is most used where, with the many terms for meat; those [AG] ones are however, I think, specifically Austrian.)

    Animal: Ziege [GG]; Geiß/Geiss [AG BG-S SG]
    Male: Ziegenbock [BG]; Geißbock/Geissbock [AG BG-S SG]
    Castrated male: ?? kastrierter Geißbock/Geissbock [AG BG-S SG; the only one which comes to my mind, not sure]
    Female: Ziege [BG]; Geiß/Geiss [AG BG-S SG]
    Young: Kitz
    Meat: (not sure; I would say 'Goassfleisch' in dialect but this doesn't translate well - standard language 'Geissfleisch' wouldn't work)

    Animal: Schwein [wild one: Wildschwein]
    Male: Eber, Keiler [wild one]; Saubär [AG BG-SE; domestic one; I have no idea at all wether in Germany and/or Switzerland Eber/Keiler also is used for domestic ones]
    Castrated male: Borg (?) [BG as claimed here; I still have doubts and it's in none of my dictionaries, only in Wiki - probably it's dialect); (?) kastrierter Saubär [AG; the best suggestion I can come up with]
    Female: Sau [wild one: Wildsau]
    Young: Ferkel [GG]; Schweindl, Schweinderl [AG BG-SE]
    Meat: Schweinefleisch [GG]; Schweinernes*) [AG]

    Animal: Rind, (Kuh) [technically people should say 'Rind' - and farmers very clearly distinguish between 'Rind' and 'Kuh', at least in Austria - but most people who do not care much about biology call them 'Kühe' if they mean the animal in general]
    Male: Stier
    Castrated male: Ochse
    Female: Kuh
    Young: Kalb
    Meat: Rindfleisch, Kalbfleisch [BG]; Rindsfleisch, Kalbfleisch, Kälbernes*) (from Kalb) [AG BG-S SG]

    Animal: Reh [= Schalenwild] (Capreolus capreolus); Hirsch [= Rotwild] (Cervus elaphus)
    Male: Rehbock [Capreolus]; Hirsch [Cervus]
    Female: Reh [Capreolus]; Hirschkuh [Cervus]
    Young: Kitz [GG; both species]; Rehkitzl [AG; only Capreolus]
    Meat: Rehfleisch [Capreolus]; Hirschfleisch [Cervus]**)
    **) Wildbret would be a general term for deer and wild boar meat. Note also that hunters have some special terms for wild animals (male - female - young) which are not common knowledge to German native speakers. Those are the ones I know. (And I am no hunter.)

    Animal: Pferd [GG]; Ross [AG SG BG-S, elsewhere it is used but old-fashioned]; Gaul [BG-SW]
    Male: Hengst
    Castrated male: Wallach
    Female: Stute
    Young: Fohlen
    Meat: Pferdefleisch [at least in AG this is used, and not only used but also eaten]

    Animal: Affe
    Male: Männchen***)
    Castrated male: ?? kastrierter Affe
    Female: Weibchen***)
    Young: Junge***)
    Meat: ?? Affenfleisch
    **) Those just mean 'male', 'female' and 'the young'; I don't think that any special names exist in German.
     
    Thanks for the help so far!

    I just noticed the thread has been moved to the multilingual glossaries (thanks mods!) so I created an excel document for our animal glossary.
    I created an excel document

    EDITED TO ADD: updated with all the info collected so far. Thanks! :)

    Rye
     
    Last edited:
    Animal: Affe
    Male: Männchen***)
    Castrated male: ?? kastrierter Affe
    Female: Weibchen***)
    Young: Junge***)
    Meat: ?? Affenfleisch
    **) Those just mean 'male', 'female' and 'the young'; I don't think that any special names exist in German.

    I just noticed the thread has been moved to the multilingual glossaries (thanks mods!) so I created an excel document for our animal glossary.

    I've just noticed that your Excel document contains a mistake here. Affe in German is not donkey but ape or monkey.
     
    I'm attaching the Excel document with Polish added to the list. I hope I've got everything right, although some of the "deer terminology" is missing. :)

    P.S.: I've removed Affe from the list.
     
    In Dutch:

    Animal: chicken(kip)
    Male: haan
    Castrated male: kapoen
    Female: hen
    Young: kuimen
    Meat: kip/kippenvlees

    Animal: duck(eend)
    Male: woerd
    Female: eend
    Young: pulletje
    Meat: eend/eendenvlees

    Animal: sheep(schaap)
    Male: ram
    Castrated male: hamel
    Female: ooi
    Young: lam
    Meat: schaap/schapenvlees

    Animal: goat(geit)
    Male: bok
    Castrated male: weer/hamel/kapater
    Female: geit
    Young: lam
    Meat: geit/geitenvlees

    Animal: pig(varken)
    Male: beer
    Castrated male: barg/borg/berg/schram
    Female: zeug
    Young: big
    Meat: varken/varkensvlees

    Animal: cow/bovine(koe)
    Male: stier
    Castrated male: os
    Female: koe
    Young: kalf
    Meat: rund/rundvlees

    Animal: deer(hert)
    Male: hert
    Female: hinde
    Young: kalf
    Meat: hert/hertenvlees

    Animal: horse(paard)
    Male: hengst
    Castrated male: ruin
    Female: merrie
    Young: veulen
    Meat: paardenvlees

    Animal: donkey(ezel)
    Male: hengst
    Castrated male: oen/kluns
    Female: merrie
    Young: veulen
    Meat: ezelvlees


    Note: I'm not sure if the different kinds of meat have a different name.
     
    Thank you very much Piotr and MaxJ for your contribution!

    Here is the new updated version based on Piotr's corrections and inclusive of MaxJ's Dutch terms.

    Thank you!

    Rye

     
    I've just noticed that your Excel document contains a mistake here. Affe in German is not donkey but ape or monkey.
    Oh, the error was mine really, sorry for that - misread "donkey" as "monkey". Really strange that, yes ... :eek:

    Animal: donkey = Esel
    Male: (Esel)hengst
    Castrated male: (Esel)wallach
    Female: (Esel)stute
    Young: (Esel)fohlen
    Meat: ?? Eselfleisch

    However I am not quite sure about this terminology; I think the determinating "Esel" before "Hengst" etc. could be omitted if it were clear from context that you are talking about donkeys.
     
    Last edited:
    English Spanish

    Animal: chicken Pollo
    Male: cock [BE]; rooster [AE] Gallo
    Castrated male: capon Cap'on
    Female: hen Gallina
    Young: chick Pollito/polluelo
    Meat: chicken Pollo

    Animal: duck Pato
    Male: drake Pato
    Female: duck Pata
    Young: duckling Patito
    Meat: duck Pato

    Animal: sheep Oveja
    Male: ram Carnero
    Castrated male: wether
    Female: ewe Oveja
    Young: lamb Cordero
    Meat: mutton Cordero

    Animal: goat Cabra
    Male: billy, buck Macho cabr'io
    Castrated male: wether
    Female: nanny Cabra
    Young: kid Cabritillo/less usual Cabrito
    Meat: chevon, mutton Cabrito

    Animal: pig Cerdo
    Male: boar Cerdo
    Castrated male: barrow
    Female: sow Cerda
    Young: piglet Cerdito
    Meat: pork Cerdo(or lech'on if it is a piglet)

    Animal: cow/bovine Vaca
    Male: bull Toro
    Castrated male: ox [BE]; steer [AE] Buey
    Female: cow Vaca
    Young: calf Ternero/Ternerillo
    Meat: beef Ternera

    Animal: deer Ciervo
    Male: stag Ciervo
    Female: hind Cierva
    Young: fawn Cervatillo
    Meat: venison Ciervo/venado

    Animal: horse Caballo
    Male: stallion Caballo
    Castrated male: gelding
    Female: mare Yegua (caballa exists but it's a fish)
    Young: foal potro
    Meat: ?? caballo/carne de caballo

    Animal: donkey Burro
    Male: jack Burro
    Castrated male: gelding
    Female: jenny Burra
    Young: foal Burrito
    Meat: ?? Never seen anyone eating this meat
    I would say carne de burro

    I'm sorry but I'm afraid I don't know most of the names of the castrated males. Perhaps someone else can help you
     
    Thank you very much mallujulia. I fixed the accents:

    cap'on -> capón
    macho cabr'io -> macho cabrío
    lech'on -> lechón

    (If you have problems typing diacritics and accents on your keyboard you can use this tool - :) it's quite useful!)

    Here is the new version, inclusive of Spanish terms (see attachment):
     
    I've noticed, rye, while working on another glossary, that indeed the "child" of a domestic goat = kid (in Austrian German "Kitzl") also is in standard German "Zicklein" (= GG in this glossary = also known in Austria because the term is used in fairy tales :)).
    As the list only contains "Kitzl" now "Zicklein" also should be added.

    Those who have goats of their own (that is, all people I ever knew who have some) however call them "Kitzl" only, here in Austria, never "Zicklein".

    (Please include this in your next update. :))
     
    Last edited:
    Thank you very much for the info! I've updated the file (it also includes a few more terms in Italian) - please find it in the attachment:
     

    Attachments

    • animal vs meat.xls
      114 KB · Views: 580
    Hungarian

    Animal: chicken tyúk/csirke
    Male: kakas
    Castrated male: kappan
    Female: tyúk
    Young female: jérce
    Little: csibe
    Meat: csirke/tyúk/kakas/kappan/csibe

    Animal: duck kacsa
    Male: gácsér
    Female: tojó
    Little: csibe
    Meat: kacsa

    Animal: goose liba/lúd
    Male: gúnár
    Female: tojó
    Little: csibe
    Meat: liba

    Animal: sheep birka/juh
    Male: kos
    Castrated male: ürü
    Female: jerke, anyajuh
    Little: bárány, toklyó
    Meat: birka, bárány, ürü

    Animal: goat kecske
    Male: bak(kecske)
    Castrated male: ürü
    Female: anya(kecske)
    Young female: gödölye
    Little: (kecske)gida
    Meat: kecske

    Animal: pig disznó/sertés
    Male: kan
    Castrated male: ártány
    Female: (anya)koca
    Young female: emse
    Little: malac, süldő
    Meat: disznó/malac

    Animal: tehén/szarvasmarha
    Male: bika
    Castrated male: ökör
    Female: tehén
    Young female: üsző
    Little: borjú
    Meat: marha, borjú

    Animal: deer szarvas
    Male: szarvasbika
    Female: szarvastehén
    Young female: (szarvas)ünő
    Little: szarvasborjú
    Meat: szarvas

    Animal: deer/roe őz/őzike
    Male: őzbak
    Female: (őz)sutab
    Little: őzgida
    Meat: őz

    Animal: horse ló
    Male: mén/csődör
    Castrated male: herélt/paripa (changed meaning, now: great horse)
    Female: kanca
    Little: csikó
    Meat: ló

    Animal: donkey szamár
    Male: szamárcsődör
    Castrated male: herélt
    Female: szamárkanca
    Little: szamárcsikó
    Meat: szamár

    Animal: dog kutya
    Male: kan
    Castrated male:
    Female: szuka
    Little: kölyök
    Meat: kutya

    Animal: cat macska/cica
    Male: kandúr
    Castrated male:
    Female: nőstény
    Little: kölyök, cica
    Meat: macska
     
    Animal: cow
    Female - vacă; Male: taur: Castrated: bou.
    Little/Young Male: tăuraş/vițel
    Meat: vită
    Animal: horse
    Female: iapă; Male: armăsar
    Castrated: cal
    Young Male: mânz
    Meat: cal
    Animal: pig
    Female: scroafă; Male: vier
    Young: purcea(female); purceluş(male)
    Castrated: porc
    Meat: porc
    Animal: sheep
    Female: oaie; Male: berbec
    Young: miel
    Meat: oaie or berbec,
    berbecuț, miel (young meat)
     
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