Except & alongside

[ThomasK]

I started up a thread long ago about possible links between "except" (apart from), "without" and ..., but can I now ask for your word(s) for "except" and "alongside", which comes close, I think, at least pragmatically...

(a) Everyone is here, except for James, OR Except for James, everyone is here. [I hope that is correct]
(b) Alongside the action plan for Africa, there is apparently a new plan by the FAO.

We have
- (a) uitgezonderd (singled out, based on "zonder", which seems to mean '"apart")
- (a, b) behalve (literally meaning "be-side(s)"
- (b) naast: lit. next to, so besides

 

[Encolpius]

Hungarian:
(a) kivéve <-- kivesz <-- ki (out) + vesz (take) so literally "outtaking"

 

[ThomasK]

But no form for (b) or (c): no figurative besides?

 

[Armas]

Finnish:
(a, b) paitsi, apparently from pa- + -itse, where pa- is unknown, possibly from the same root as paeta (to flee from). -itse means "by, through, via".
(b) ohella lit. "on/at the side/flank"

 

[ThomasK]

So the words mentioned seeml quite related to some extent: out and side... Thanks.

 

[Penyafort]

In Catalan, in the case of "except (for)":

tret de X [literally, X removed/taken off]​

llevat (de) X [same as above]​

fora de X [literally, outside X] -- It can also have the literal meaning of 'outside X'​

a excepció de X [with exception of X]​

excepte X [except X]​

salvat X [saved X] -- Uncommon​

So nothing to do with "alongside", which in Catalan is:

(rather literal meaning of alongside)​

al costat de X [literally, by the side of X]​

a la vora de X [by the edge of X]​

a tocar de X [by the touch of X]​

(rather abstract meaning of alongside)​

juntament amb X [altogether with X]​

al mateix temps que X [at the same time than X]​

 

[ThomasK]

@Penyafort: seems quite clear then, thanks.

My main question is: could there be a [for example spatial] rationale for the use of something like "alongside, next to" as a near synonym of both "apart from" and "exception"? Finnish might contain a hint if this "pa" could mean something like "apart from"; the side seems already present. However, no indication in Spanish or Catalan, I guess.

Just wondering about French now:
(a) à l'exception de, sauf; I suppose…
(b) à côté de, outre de (< ul-tre, ultra, plus loin, je suppose), en plus de
But then: could "side" somehow be linked with "moreover", "in addition"? In German a Beilage is something extra, added to the main course. Like the English side dish?

I think I can safely say that (a) and (b) have a similar meaning, but I am simply amazed at the different root words: apart, except (separating, so it seems) and then side, or more (adding)….

 

[apmoy70]

Greek:

(a) «Εκτός από» [ekˈtɔs aˈpɔ] --> lit. except from.
-MoGr adv. «εκτός» [ekˈtɔs] --> except, outside < Classical preposition & adverb «ἐκτός» ĕktós.
-MoGr prep. «από» [aˈpɔ] --> from, at, by, since, out of < Classical preposition «ἀπό» ăpó.

(b1) «Συγχρόνως» [siŋˈxrɔ.nɔs] (adv.) --> concurrently, synchronously, alonɡside, a MoGr construction (1845) < Classical adj. «σύγχρονος» súnkʰrŏnŏs --> contemporaneous < Classical preposition and prefix «σύν» sún + Classical masc. noun «χρόνος» kʰrónŏs.

(b2) «Παράλληλα» [paˈɾa.li.la] (adv.) --> parallelly, meanwhile, alongside, in tandem < Classical adverbial phrase «παρ' ἀλλήλους» păr' ăllḗlous (idem) < Classical preposition «παρά» părắ + Classical pronoun «ἀλλήλων» ăllḗlōn.

I think b2 fits better in your example.

 

[ThomasK]

So you are implying that they are not really exchangeable. Yet, somehow the three might be possible perhaps. That is the main point for me: how come these two different meanings seem to express the same whereas they seem so different semantically speaking...

Maybe apart and along/ parallel imply some distance: a passer-by generally holds some distance in pasSing. In Dutch he is walking past, hij wandelt voorbij.

I suddenly think: I suppose "in addition to" would work here too, but maybe there is only "in addition". Any (near) native speaker around?