Does the "qu'" in "qu'a défendu" in the following passage mean qui or que ?:
“Tu ne connais pas le menu peuple économe, méthodique, laborieux, tranquille, avec au fond du cœur une flamme qui sommeille – ce peuple sacrifié, qu’a défendu jadis contre l’égoïsme des grands mon « pays », le vieux Vauban aux yeux bleus,” p. 35, Dans la Maison, Jean Christophe.
Published translation: “You know nothing of the thrifty, methodical, industrious, tranquil middle-class living with a quenchless dormant flame in their hearts — the people betrayed and sacrificed who in old days defended ‘my country ' against the selfish arrogance of the great, the blue-eyed ancient race of Vauban.”
My understanding is that in this sentence it is Vauban who defended the "little people" against the rich and powerful, for in his La Dîme royale of 1707 Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban documented the economic misery of the lower classes (menu peuple). He proposed a flat 10% tax on all agricultural and industrial output, eliminating the exemptions under which the nobility and clergy (les grands) paid no taxes.
Besides, where does "mon « pays »" fit in this sentence?
“Tu ne connais pas le menu peuple économe, méthodique, laborieux, tranquille, avec au fond du cœur une flamme qui sommeille – ce peuple sacrifié, qu’a défendu jadis contre l’égoïsme des grands mon « pays », le vieux Vauban aux yeux bleus,” p. 35, Dans la Maison, Jean Christophe.
Published translation: “You know nothing of the thrifty, methodical, industrious, tranquil middle-class living with a quenchless dormant flame in their hearts — the people betrayed and sacrificed who in old days defended ‘my country ' against the selfish arrogance of the great, the blue-eyed ancient race of Vauban.”
My understanding is that in this sentence it is Vauban who defended the "little people" against the rich and powerful, for in his La Dîme royale of 1707 Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban documented the economic misery of the lower classes (menu peuple). He proposed a flat 10% tax on all agricultural and industrial output, eliminating the exemptions under which the nobility and clergy (les grands) paid no taxes.
Besides, where does "mon « pays »" fit in this sentence?
