Hindi/Urdu/Dari/Persian: mushtarak

[lafz_puchnevala]

Hi,

I am not sure if this word is used extensively in Hindi/Urdu but in Dari at least it is apparently used commonly and means 'together'. A few sources have put down the meaning as mixed/joint (adj.)/partner/accomplice but Platts says 'mushtarik' as an equivalent. Do you guys agree on this?

Thanks!

 

[Alfaaz]

I am not sure if this word is used extensively in Hindi/Urdu but in Dari at least it is apparently used commonly and means 'together'. A few sources have put down the meaning as mixed/joint (adj.)/partner/accomplice but Platts says 'mushtarik' as an equivalent. Do you guys agree on this?

This word is used extensively in Urdu, more likely Persian/Dari, and Arabic (from which the word is derived)! The dictionary gives it as "mushtarak", so either "mushtarik" is a 1) ghalat-ul-a'am or 2) another related word (example: muntazar and muntazir)....other members will hopefully comment on this!

1. اشتراک کیا گیا، شریک کیا گیا، ایسی چیز جس میں دو یا اس سے زیادہ شریک ہوں۔
ishtiraak kiya gaya, shareek kiya gaya, aisi cheez jis meiN do yaa us se ziyaadah shareek hoN
"ہم دونوں کے خاندان قائداعظم کی جھونپڑیوں میں ایک ساتھ آباد ہوئے، دونوں کی جھگیاں بن گئیں، اس طرح کہ دونوں ایک مکان کے دو حصے معلوم ہوتے تھے باہر آنے جانے کا دروازہ مشترک تھا۔"
hum donoN ke khaandaan Qaid-e-Aa'zam ki jhonpaRiyoN mein aik saath aabaad hue, donoN ki jhugiyaaN ban ga'eeN, is tarH keh donoN aik makaan ke do Hisse ma'loom hote the baahar aane jaane ka darwaazah mushtarak tha.

2. ایسا لفظ جس کے کئی معنی ہوں۔
aisaa lafz jis ke ka'ii ma'anii hoN
"ہر زبان میں ایسے الفاظ کثرت سے پائے جاتے ہیں جن کے معنی دو یا دو سے زیادہ ہیں، ان الفاظ کو مشترک کہتے ہیں۔
har zubaan maiN aise alfaaz kasrat se paa'e jaate haiN jin ke ma'ani do yaa do se ziyaadah hain, in alfaaz ko mushtarak kehte hain.

There is also another related word: مشترکہ mushtarakah as in mushtarakah ijlaas.

 

[lafz_puchnevala]

As a side note in Hindi at least, it is also written as 'mushtarakaa' http://bsprachar.org/home.php?mean=60535

 

[Faylasoof]

Hi,

I am not sure if this word is used extensively in Hindi/Urdu but in Dari at least it is apparently used commonly and means 'together'. A few sources have put down the meaning as mixed/joint (adj.)/partner/accomplice but Platts says 'mushtarik' as an equivalent. Do you guys agree on this?

Thanks!

No! Platts doesn't say this! He distinguishes between the active participle mushtarik (= participating / sharing etc.) and the passive participle mushtarak (= shared, participated (in), held in common, in common etc.). They are not the same!

As Alfaaz Saahib pointed out the etymology is Arabic and the passive participle mushtarak is used of course in Arabic, besides Persian and Urdu. Its use in Hindi that you are wondering about may be restricted to those areas where Colloquial Hindi is under the influence of Urdu otherwise I believe it may not be that common in Hindi speech elsewhere.

 

[Alfaaz]

active participle mushtarik (= participating / sharing etc.) and the passive participle mushtarak (= shared, participated (in), held in common, in common etc.).

Could you perhaps give example sentences for the two?
Attempt:
Passive: ان دونوں چیزوں میں کیا مشترک ہے
Active: مشاعرے میں مشترک افراد نے انعامات وصول کیے

 

[Faylasoof]

Could you perhaps give example sentences for the two?
Attempt:
Passive: ان دونوں چیزوں میں کیا مشترک ہے
Active: مشاعرے میں مشترک افراد نے انعامات وصول کیے

To be honest, instead of the active participle mushtarik we use shariik a lot more! People often end up saying mushtarik when they actually mean mushtarak! So in your 'active' usage we would normally opt for: jalse meN shariik hone waale afraad ne... / jalse meN shurukaa ne ...

The passive participle is used all the time and its use is just like you 've shown.

 

[Faylasoof]

As a side note in Hindi at least, it is also written as 'mushtarakaa' http://bsprachar.org/home.php?mean=60535

Well, as a transliteration this is fine but it doesn't mean that it is used in spoken Hindi all that commonly! One can transliterate in any reasonable script, like Cyrillic, for example: муштарак. Doesn't mean of course those using the script would start using it. Besides in Hindi we don't usually pronounce the 'a' ending so it would read mushtarak.

I now guessing as I can't recall, but I wonder if the Hindi equivalent would be something like सहभाजी sahabhaajii = shared.

 

[lafz_puchnevala]

Could you perhaps give example sentences for the two?
Attempt:
Passive: ان دونوں چیزوں میں کیا مشترک ہے
Active: مشاعرے میں مشترک افراد نے انعامات وصول کیے

Hey, Thanks for your examples! It would be better if you can romanize it

 

[lafz_puchnevala]

Well, as a transliteration this is fine but it doesn't mean that it is used in spoken Hindi all that commonly! One can transliterate in any reasonable script, like Cyrillic, for example: муштарак. Doesn't mean of course those using the script would start using it. Besides in Hindi we don't usually pronounce the 'a' ending so it would read mushtarak.

I now guessing as I can't recall, but I wonder if the Hindi equivalent would be something like सहभाजी sahabhaajii = shared.

'mile jule' has been suggested as an equivalent though it probably won't fit into this context.

 

[Faylasoof]

'mile jule' has been suggested as an equivalent though it probably won't fit into this context.

Yes, mile jule = mixed, not really shared. Well, in a sense you could use it that way but there are better options.