Mikor helyekról beszélünk, ház
tól jöttem (
a tetőn voltam
) ->
No, if I came from the house (-tól,-től) then it means I was at the house (= háznál) close or not. If I were on the roof (= a tetőn voltam), then I came a tetőről...
de házból jöttem (bent voltam
) : ha a macska az
autón és mi az
autóban vagyunk, valakinek
le kell szállni, mindig.
-> No.
A macska lejön az autóról, mi kiszállunk az autóból. One
leszáll from a vehicle serving as pulic transport (
villamosról, buszról, trolibuszról, vonatról etc.)
És mikor a f
öldrajzi névekról beszélünk, a -ból
/-ből ragot használjuk : Afrika, Európa, külföldi orsz
ágok, Tokaj, Erdély, külföldi városok, folyók, tavak és tengerek
vagy a -ról
/-ről ragot a szigetek (
pl. Grönland, Antarktisz
), Magyarország és külföld
szavakkal (
= Magyarországról/ külföldről), magyar v
árosok (mostani és nem
->
careful, Hungarian towns belonging to neighbouring countries are tricky, this rule doesn't always apply to them!) és a négy világt
áj
(
északról, délről etc.).
All this to indicate where the action started, expressing the direction it comes from.
The "direction" implied in the verb "elkésni" is not the same, it is the opposite. (You go somewhere when you arrive late, it does not matter where you started from.) But there is a twist: as you are late, the event has already started (maybe even finished by the time you arrive) so the event itself (or its starting point surely) is "in the past"... this is probably how the idea why "where from" comes into consideration when chosing the suffixes (ról/ről or ból/ből in the case of "elkésni").
You know that there is a strong link in the concept of time and space in Hungarian.
So it is useful to remember how these suffixes of place work in the "holy trinity" of : honnan=where from (like the past) - hol?=where (like the present) - hová?=where to (like the future) because occasionally there is correspondance in their form: in all three of them (ból/ből - ban/ben - ba/be) or just in the first and the last (ról/ről - n/on/en/ön - ra/re) but in any case, when the "direction" is difficult to choose, the time aspect may help.
És most,
(no comma!) a k
érd
és:
hova teszem ezt a konkrét/esemeny szabályát?->
Hova tegyem ezt a szabályt? (
I suppose you meant to say this..., there are other possibilities, too, but I wanted to stay as close to your wording as possible.)
Ugyanar
ra ->
ugyanarról van szó? ->
Your hunch is right. But partly yes. (Explanation above.)
But you can also treat it as "elkésni vmiről" is a set phrase whether it may refer to an event (e.g. a marriage = esküvőről) or a particular thing (e.g. film = filmről). You use -ból, -ből only when a real place (e.g. building) indicated. E.g. elkésni az iskolából.
If you use the verb menni with the same words, you'd use: esküvőre menni, de moziba (as filmre would sound a bit strange) and iskolába menni. The logic is the same: to an event (=ra/re) to a place (= ba/be). The direction is "ahead of us"(or in terms of time: it is the future)= hová=where to, so the suffixes (no matter which you use) come from that group.
