In the US, this is not how medical records are kept, which is why you are having trouble finding a translation. They are kept under the patient's name (and medical record number) rather than as a record of who has been seen by the physician each day. There is a sign-in sheet in many or most offices and clinics, but it would never include personal data and diagnoses for legal privacy reasons. (Obviously, it is possible for a person with access to the computer system in which records are filed to use the information to make a list of the patients seen by a specific physician on a particular day, with all the data you specify. However, if they did not have authorization to do this, they would be in serious trouble.) But sign-in sheet, although not at all the same thing, may be the closest you can get in US-English. Possibly other English-speaking countries have what you describe. Or you may just have to describe it, rather than using a single word or phrase.