In this reference []

alexeru653280

Senior Member
Iran
Hi,

Is the use of "in this reference" in the following sentences correct grammatically and conceptually? If it is not , kindly suggest ways to make it clearer.


According to Raghunathan [72], the Wells turbine having NACA aerofoil profiles of 20% thickness demonstrated the best performance compared to thinner aerofoils from the same series. Therefore, in this paper, the criteria of airfoil selection at the tip section for the VTB Wells turbine design is stated in this reference [72].

Thanks.
 
  • I find 'in this reference' confusing. I would work the information in by referring to the author: This paper uses the criteria ..... given by Raghunathon [ibid.].

    ibid. is the abbreviation used to refer the reader back to the location named in the last citation.
     
    It's difficult to suggest a better version when it's unclear what's meant in the first place. Is this your translation, or an original English text?

    Why are there two references to what I assume is footnote 72? This is not normal practice. And the word "therefore" does not seem to make much sense in the text as it stands at the moment.

    My guess (and it's no more than that in the absence of further details!) is that the sentence is meant to read more like:
    Therefore, in this paper, the criteria for airfoil selection at the tip section for the VTB Wells turbine design are those set out in note 72.
     
    My meaning of "in this paper" is my present work.

    "According to Raghunathan [72], the Wells turbine having NACA aerofoil profiles of 20% thickness demonstrated the best performance compared to thinner aerofoils from the same series. Therefore, in the present work, the criteria for airfoil selection at the tip section (NACA0020) for the VTB Wells turbine design is stated in this reference [72]"
     
    I would write the last part as simply "... are* stated in [72]." You could also write "... are given in that reference" or any number of other things. However, writing both "this reference" and [72] is redundant.

    _________________________
    *Criteria is a plural noun. Its singular is criterion. If there is more than one criterion, criteria is correct, but it must take a plural verb.
     
    I would work the information in by referring to the author: This paper uses the criteria ..... given by Raghunathon [ibid.].

    I would write the last part as simply "... are* stated in [72]." You could also write "... are given in that reference" or any number of other things. However, writing both "this reference" and [72] is redundant.

    It is not standard editorial practice to cite the same reference twice in close succession, and a reference to a reference is equally unorthodox. As is putting Ibid. in the main text.

    The ref. no. 72 (which should be a superscript but I don't know how to do that on this site!) takes the reader to Raghunathan's book or article. The usual way of referring to it again so soon would be to have another footnote, numbered 73, whose text consisted only of the word "Ibid." (meaning the same publication as cited in the note immediately above).

    However, there's no need for that when the reference to footnote 72 is so close. Also: (1) the footnote number would normally be a superscript placed after the comma. (2) The word therefore is inappropriate here (unless there's some earlier text that provides a reason to use it).

    My solution would be for the passage to read something like this:

    According to Raghunathan,72 the Wells turbine having NACA aerofoil profiles of 20% thickness demonstrated the best performance compared to thinner aerofoils from the same series. In this paper, the criteria for airfoil selection at the tip section for the VTB Wells turbine design are those set out by him. (or — preferably — in that article, or paper, book, or whatever is appropriate).​
     
    I don't think these are footnotes at all. I think they are numbered bibliography entries. If that is true (OP, please confirm):

    1. There is no ibid or anything similar. If the paper refers to the same entry twice, which I agree may not be necessary so close to the first citation, it has no choice but to use the same number or to refer to that source in a way that does not use a number.

    2. Superscripts are not correct for this usage. Putting the reference number in square brackets is standard notation.
     
    I don't think these are footnotes at all. I think they are numbered bibliography entries. If that is true (OP, please confirm):

    1. There is no ibid or anything similar. If the paper refers to the same entry twice, which I agree may not be necessary so close to the first citation, it has no choice but to use the same number or to refer to that source in a way that does not use a number.

    2. Superscripts are not correct for this usage. Putting the reference number in square brackets is standard notation.

    In none of the many academic books I've helped produce over the years have entries in the bibliography been signified in the text. But bibliographical references do often also appear as footnotes.
     
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