I have a couple pet peeves with the way languages are conventionally talked about in the Philippines.
First of all, Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, etc. are "LANGUAGES," not "dialects." If they were dialects of each other, they would be mutually comprehensible, which manifestly they are not. The term "dialect" should be reserved for varieties of a single language, such as the Visaya spoken on Cebu versus the Visaya spoken on Bohol (however, the Visayan "dialects" spoken on Panay and Samar are already different languages). It's almost as if we feel that a "dialect" is a "non-prestigious," merely local, speech form and that the term "language" is reserved for a "prestigious" speech form.
As for "Tagalog" vs. "Filipino," they are the same thing: "Filipino" is what we call Tagalog when we want to emphasize its role as the national language. "Filipino," inasmuch as it can be defined as distinct in any way, can even be considered to be a dialect/variety of Tagalog on par with Bulacan Tagalog, Batangas Tagalog, etc.
Personally, I think if Americans are fine with calling their national language "English," why shouldn't we Filipinos be fine with calling our national language "Tagalog"?
The poster had a point when s/he pointed out that Cebuano, Ilocano, etc, are "Filipino" languages too.