Kinship Terms

[Kraus]

Which are the kinship terms in your language?

Here's an English-Italian list:

mother - madre
father - padre
son - figlio
daughter - figlia

uncle - zio
aunt - zia
nephew - nipote
niece - nipote

brother - fratello
sister - sorella
(first, second) cousin - cugino, cugina (di primo grado, di secondo grado)

cousin once removed - cugino di secondo grado (cugino della madre/del padre, cugino del figlio/della figlia)

grandmother - nonna
grandfather - nonno
grandson - nipote
granddaughter - nipote

(Note that nipote is both male and female and means nephew, niece, grandson and granddaughter at the same time)

mother-in-law = suocera
father-in-law = suocero
brother-in-law = genero
daughter-in-law = nuora
brother-in-law = cognato
sister-in-law = cognata

 

[Kraus]

In French:

mother - mère
father - père
son - fils
daughter - fille

uncle - oncle
aunt - tante
nephew - neveu
niece - nièce

brother - frère
sister - soeur

 

[Nanon]

Hello Kraus,

Do you mind if I add some entries to your French list?

(first, second) cousin - cousin / cousine
grandmother - grand-mère
grandfather - grand-père
grandson - petit-fils
granddaughter - petite-fille
grandparents - grands-parents
grandchildren - petits-enfants
mother-in-law -belle-mère (also stepmother)
father-in-law = beau-père (also stepfather)
brother-in-law = gendre
daughter-in-law = belle-fille / bru
brother-in-law = beau-frère
sister-in-law = belle-soeur

 

[OldAvatar]

English-Italian-Romanian

mother - madre - mamă
father - padre - tată
son - figlio - fiu
daughter - figlia - fiică

uncle - zio - unchi
aunt - zia - mătuşă
nephew - nipote - nepot
niece - nipote - nepoată

brother - fratello - frate
sister - sorella - soră
(first, second) cousin - cugino, cugina - văr, vară

cousin once removed - cugino di secondo grado - văr de gradul al doilea
grandmother - nonna - bunică
grandfather - nonno - bunic
grandson - nipote - strănepot
granddaughter - nipote - strănepoată


mother-in-law = suocera - soacră
father-in-law = suocero - socru
son-in-law = genero - ginere
daughter-in-law = nuora - noră
brother-in-law = cognato - cumnat
sister-in-law = cognata - cumnată

 

[Stéphane89]

Belgian French-speakers can also call a brother-in-law beau-fils. And bru is hardly ever used in Belgium.

 

[robbie_SWE]

English-Italian-Romanian

mother - madre - mamă
father - padre - tată
son - figlio - fiu
daughter - figlia - fiică

uncle - zio - unchi
aunt - zia - mătuşă
nephew - nipote - nepot
niece - nipote - nepoată

brother - fratello - frate
sister - sorella - soră
(first, second) cousin - cugino, cugina - văr, vară

cousin once removed - cugino di secondo grado - văr de gradul al doilea
grandmother - nonna - bunică
grandfather - nonno - bunic
grandson - nipote - strănepot
granddaughter - nipote - strănepoată


mother-in-law = suocera - soacră
father-in-law = suocero - socru
brother-in-law = genero - ginere
daughter-in-law = nuora - noră
brother-in-law = cognato - cumnat
sister-in-law = cognata - cumnată

What about mamaie (grandmother) and tataie (grandfather)? They're quite usual aren't they?

robbie

 

[OldAvatar]

Sure. Mamaie and tataie are very usual. It is just that they are popular and familiar forms.

 

[Dr. Quizá]

English-Spanish:

mother - madre
father - padre
son - hijo
daughter - hija

uncle - tío
aunt - tía
nephew - sobrino
niece - sobrina

brother - hermano
sister - hermana
cousin - primo/prima
first cousin - primo, primo hermano, primo carnal
second cousin - primo, primo segundo (after this we continue with the other ordinals).

grandmother - abuela
grandfather - abuelo
grandson - nieto
granddaughter - nieta

mother-in-law = suegra
father-in-law = suegro
brother-in-law = yerno
daughter-in-law = nuera
brother-in-law = cuñado
sister-in-law = cuñada

 

[dudasd]

In Serbian:

mother - majka, mati
father - otac
son - sin
daughter - ćerka, kći

uncle (mother's brother) - ujak
uncle (father's brother) - stric
uncle (husband of your father's / mother's sister) - teča

aunt (mother's or father's sister) - tetka
aunt (wife of your mother's brother) - ujna
aunt (wife of your mother's brother) - strina

nephew (sister's son) - sestrić
nephew (your brother's son if you are male) - sinovac
nephew (your brother's son, both if you are male or female) - bratanac

niece (sister's daughter) - sestričina
niece (your brother's daughter if you are male) - sinovica
niece (your brother's daughter, both if you are male or female) - bratanica
for the rest of it seen in brother-in-law and sister-in-law part

brother - brat
sister - sestra

cousin, first cousin, second cousin - this part is too complicated. We usually say brother/sister of ... (aunt, uncle... whatever, sometimes it's very descriptive).

grandmother - baba
grandgrandmother - prababa
gggmother - čukunbaba
ggggmother - navrnbaba

granddaughter - unuka
ggdaughter - praunuka
gggdaughter - čukununuka
ggggdaughter (see ggggson)

grandfather - deda
ggfather - pradeda
gggfather - čukundeda
ggggfather - navrndeda
gggggfather - kurdjel, kunđel
ggggggfather - askurdjel, askurđel
gggggggfather - sukurov, kurajber
ggggggggfather - beli orao (literally "white eagle")

grandson - unuk
ggson - praunuk
gggson - čukununuk
ggggson - bela pčela (lit. "white bee")
note: some of these terms may fary from area to area, I am giving examples from where I live

mother-in-law (husband's mother) - svekrva
mother-in-law (wife's mother) - tašta
father-in-law (husband's father) - svekar
father-in-law (wife's father) - tast

brother-in-law (your sister's husband) - zet
brother-in-law (your wife's brother) - šurak
brother-in-law (your husband's brother) - dever
brother-in-law (husband of your husband's sister) - zet
brother-in-law (husband of your wife's sister) - pašenog (this relation is mutual, logically)

sister-in-law (your brother's wife) - snaha
sister-in-law (your wife's sister) - svastika
sister-in-law (your husband's sister) - zaova
sister-in-law - (wife of your wife's brother) - šurnjaja
sister-in-law (wife of your husband's brother) - jetrva (a mutual relationship)

so there are some additional nieces and nephews: zaovičina/zaović, deveričina/deveričić, svastičina/svastić.

daughter-in-law = snaha
son-in-law = zet

 

[DrWatson]

Finnish:

mother - äiti
father - isä
son - poika
daughter - tytär

uncle (father's brother) - setä
uncle (mother's brother) - eno
aunt - täti
nephew (brother's daughter) - veljentytär
nephew (sister's daughter) - sisarentytär
niece (brother's son) - veljenpoika
niece (sister's son) - sisarenpoika

brother - veli
sister - sisar
(first) cousin - serkku
second cousin - pikkuserkku

cousin once removed - serkun lapsi

grandmother - isoäiti
grandfather - isoisä
grandson (daughter's son) - tyttärenpoika
grandson (son's son) - pojanpoika
granddaughter (daughter's daughter) - tyttärentytär
granddaughter (son's daughter) - pojantytär

mother-in-law = anoppi
father-in-law = appi
son-in-law = vävy
daughter-in-law = miniä
brother-in-law = lanko
sister-in-law = käly

 

[SerinusCanaria3075]

Just to add some "great" in Spanish:
great-grandparents: bisabuelos
great-great-grandparents: tatarabuelos

great-aunt: tía abuela
great-uncle: tío abuelo

great-grandchildren: bisnietos

You can simply substitute the o to a to make it feminine.

In Romanian:
great-grandfather: Străbunic
great-grandmother: Străbunică
great-grandparents: Strabunici

 

[Benvindo]

English-Italian-Romanian-Portuguese

mother - madre - mamă - mãe
father - padre - tată - pai
son - figlio - fiu - filho
daughter - figlia - fiică - filha

uncle - zio - unchi - tio
aunt - zia - mătuşă - tia
nephew - nipote - nepot - sobrinho
niece - nipote - nepoată - sobrinha

brother - fratello - frate - irmão
sister - sorella - soră - irmã
(first, second) cousin - cugino, cugina - văr, vară - primo, prima

cousin once removed - cugino di secondo grado - văr de gradul al doilea - primo de segundo grau
grandmother - nonna - bunică - avó
grandfather - nonno - bunic - avô
grandson - nipote - strănepot - neto
granddaughter - nipote - strănepoată - neta

[English-Portuguese]
ggrandmother - bisavó
ggrandfather - bisavô
ggrandson - bisneto
ggranddaughter - bisneta
gggrandmother - trisavó
gggrandfather - trisavô
gggrandson - trineto
gggranddaughter - trineta
ggggrandmother - tataravó or tetravó
ggggrandfather - tataravô or tetravô
ggggrandson - tataraneto or tetraneto
ggggranddaughter - tataraneta or tetraneta

mother-in-law = suocera - soacră - sogra
father-in-law = suocero - socru - sogro
son-in-law = genero - ginere - genro
daughter-in-law = nuora - noră - nora
brother-in-law = cognato - cumnat - cunhado
sister-in-law = cognata - cumnată[/quote] - cunhada

 

[Kraus]

Which are the kinship terms in your language?

Here's an English-Italian list:

mother - madre
father - padre
son - figlio
daughter - figlia

uncle - zio
aunt - zia
nephew - nipote
niece - nipote

brother - fratello
sister - sorella
(first, second) cousin - cugino, cugina (di primo grado, di secondo grado)

cousin once removed - cugino di secondo grado (cugino della madre/del padre, cugino del figlio/della figlia)

grandmother - nonna
grandfather - nonno
grandson - nipote
granddaughter - nipote

(Note that nipote is both male and female and means nephew, niece, grandson and granddaughter at the same time)

wife = moglie
husband = marito

mother-in-law = suocera
father-in-law = suocero
brother-in-law = genero
daughter-in-law = nuora
brother-in-law = cognato
sister-in-law = cognata[/quote]

 

[Nanon]

Belgian French-speakers can also call a brother-in-law beau-fils. And bru is hardly ever used in Belgium.

Same as in France. "Bru" is found in dictionaries... or used ironically.

 

[Outsider]

And let's not forget about compadre.

 

[Benvindo]

And let's not forget about compadre.

- - - -
And also:
padrasto, madrasta - stepfather, stepmother
enteado, enteada - stepson, stepdaughter
BV

 

[spakh]

Turkish

mother - anne
father - baba
son - oğul, oğlan
daughter - kız

uncle - dayı (maternal), amca (paternal)
aunt - teyze (maternal), hala (paternal)
nephew - yeğen
niece - yeğen (for both)

brother - erkek kardeş
big brother - ağabey
sister - kız kardeş
big sister - abla
cousin - kuzen

grandmother - büyük anne, anneanne, kadınnine (mother's), nine, babaanne (father's)
grandfather - büyük baba (mother's), dede (father's)
grandson - erkek torun
granddaughter - kız torun

mother-in-law - kaynana, kayınvalide
father-in-law - kaynata, kayınbaba, kayınpeder
son-in-law - damat
daughter-in-law - gelin
brother-in-law - kayınbirader, kayınço, ini
sister-in-law - baldız

granduncle - büyük dayı (mother's), büyük amca (father's)
grandaunt - büyük teyze (mother's), büyük hala (father's)

wife - karı
husband - koca

 

[ewie]

English-Basque (Euskera Batua):

mother - ama
father - aita
son - seme
daughter - alaba

uncle - osaba
aunt - izeba
nephew - loba, iloba
niece - loba, iloba (see also grandson/daughter below)

brother - anaia (a brother's brother); neba (a sister's brother)
sister - arreba (a brother's sister); ahizpa (a sister's sister)
brothers and sisters (both sexes) - nebarrebak
sibling - haurride
cousin - lehengusu

grandmother - amona, amama ... (many others)
grandfather - aitona, aitita ... (many others)
grandson - iloba, biloba
granddaughter - iloba, biloba (see also nephew/niece above)
great grandfather - berraitona
great grandmother - berramona
great great grandfather - herenaitona
great great grandmother - herenamona

mother-in-law - amaginarreba
father-in-law - aitaginarreba
son-in-law - suhi
daughter-in-law - errain
brother-in-law - koinatu (borrowed from Spanish)
sister-in-law - koinata (borrowed from Spanish)

 

[ewie]

English-Spanish:

mother-in-law = suegra
father-in-law = suegro
son-in-law = yerno
daughter-in-law = nuera
brother-in-law = cuñado
sister-in-law = cuñada

Phew, another kitten saved!

 

[Outsider]

Here's another related thread: sister-in-law, brother-in-law.

 

[Consimmer]

Here's English-Malay:

mother - emak, ibu (more formal)
father - abah or ayah, bapa (formal)
son - anak lelaki (literally male offspring)
daughter - anak perempuan (literally female offspring)

uncle - bapa saudara (literally kin's father)
aunt - mak saudara (literally kin's mother)
nephew - anak saudara
niece - anak saudara

brother - abang (if older), adik (if younger)
sister - kakak (if older), adik (if younger)
(first, second) cousin - saudara or sepupu

cousin once removed - no equivalent term in Malay that I'm aware of

grandmother - nenek
grandfather - datuk
grandson - cucu (pronounced 'choo-choo' as in a train's sound in English)
granddaughter - cucu

mother-in-law = ibu mertua
father-in-law = bapa mertua
brother-in-law = abang ipar
daughter-in-law = kakak ipar
younger brother- or sister-in-law = adik ipar

 

[francois_auffret]

Urdu

mother - Mân (n is nasal)
father - bâp
son - BêTa
daughter - BêTi

uncle (father's elder brother) tâyâ
uncle (father's younger brother) Chachâ
uncle (mother's brother) Mâmû
aunt - (father's sister): Phupphû
aunt (mother's sister): Khâlâ

nephew (brother's son) Bhatîjâ
nephew (sister's son) Bhânjâ
niece (brother's daughter) Bhatîjî
niece (sister's daugther) Bhânji


brother - (Sagâ) Bhâî
big brother - BaRâ Bhâî
sister - Behn
big sister - Bâjî
cousin - (Chachâzâd / Mâmûzâd) Bhâî (m.) Behn (f.)

grandmother - (paternal): Dâdî
grandmother - (maternal): Nânî
grandfather - (paternal): Dâdâ
grandfather - (maternal): Nânâ
grandson - (father side) pota
grandson - (mother side) nawâsâ
granddaughter - (father side) pôtî
granddaughter - (mother side) nawâsî

mother-in-law = sâs
father-in-law = susar
Son-in-law : dâmâd
Daughter-in-law: bahû
etc...

 

[francois_auffret]

Urdu (continued)...

Brother-in-law (husband's elder brother): JêTh
Brother-in-law (husband's brother): Dêvar
Brother-in-law (wife's brother) : Sâlâ
Sister-in-law (husband's sister): Nand
Sister-in-law (wife's sister): Sâli

Brother-in-law (sister's husband): Behnôî
Sister-in-law (brother's wife): Bhâbî / Bhâwaj

and there are other words for brothers and sisters in law, like:

Sister-in-law: JêThânî, wife of your husband's elder brother (Jêth)
Sister-in-law: Dêvrâni, wife of your husband's younger brother (Dêvar)...
Brother-in-law: Nandoî, husband of your husband's sister (Nand)

etc...

 

[Kannan91]

There is a lot of variation in Malayalam - people use many different names for their relatives. I've just listed a fairly standard set (a few of the terms are slightly formal, but I didn't want to get into the many casual forms):
അച്ഛന് (acchan) : father
അമ്മ (amma) : mother
ജ്യേഷ്ഠന് (jyēṣṭhan) : elder brother
ജ്യേഷ്ഠത്തി (jyēṣṭhatti) : elder sister / sister in law
അനുജന് (anujan) : younger brother
അനുജത്തി (anujatti) : younger sister
അമ്മാവന് (ammāvan) : mother's brother
അമ്മാവി (ammāvi) : mother's brother's wife
വലിയച്ചന് (valiyacchan) : father's elder brother
വലിയമ്മ (valiyamma) : father's elder brother's wife
I'll post more later.

 

[krok]

Here's an English-Czech list:

mother = matka (less formal form: máma; diminutives: maminka, mamka)
father = otec (less formal form: táta, diminutive: tatínek)
son = syn (dim.: synek, synáček)
daughter = dcera (dim.: dceruška, dcerunka)

uncle = strýc (dim.: strýček, strejda)
aunt = teta (dim.: tetička)
nephew = synovec
niece = neteř

brother = bratr (dim.: brácha, bráška)
sister = sestra (dim.: sestřička)
cousin = m. bratranec, f. sestřenice (dim.: m. bratránek, f. sestřenka)

grandmother = babička (in fact a diminutive; however, original "bába" or "baba" is considered rude today)
grandfather = děd (dim.: děda, dědeček)
grandson = vnuk (dim.: vnouček)
granddaughter = vnučka
grandchildren = vnouče (sg.), vnoučata (pl.)
great-grandfather = praděd
great-grand(...) = pra(...)

mother-in-law = tchyně
father-in-law = tchán
son-in-law = zeť
daughter-in-law = snacha
brother-in-law = švagr
sister-in-law = švagrová

Some generic terms too:

family = rodina
relatives = příbuzenstvo
offspring = potomek
ancestors = předci, předkové
descendants = potomci, potomstvo

 

[cute angel]

Hello I'll tell you my kinship in Arabic

mother - Omi
father - Abi
son - Ibn
daughter - Ibna

uncle - AM for the father's brother and Khal for the mother's broher
aunt - Ama for the father's sister and Khala for the mother's siter
nephew - Ibn el akh
niece - ibnat el okht

brother - Akh
sister - Okht
(first, second) cousin - Ibn el Am or Ibn el khal


grandmother - Jadati
grandfather - jadi
grandson - Hafid
granddaughter - hafida


mother-in-law = hamet
father-in-law = hama

 

[panjabigator]

Do you hear more /maa.n/ and /baap/ for /amii/ and /abuu/, respectively?

Urdu

mother - Mân (n is nasal)
father - bâp
son - BêTa
daughter - BêTi

uncle (father's elder brother) tâyâ
uncle (father's younger brother) Chachâ
uncle (mother's brother) Mâmû
aunt - (father's sister): Phupphû
aunt (mother's sister): Khâlâ

nephew (brother's son) Bhatîjâ
nephew (sister's son) Bhânjâ
niece (brother's daughter) Bhatîjî
niece (sister's daugther) Bhânji


brother - (Sagâ) Bhâî
big brother - BaRâ Bhâî
sister - Behn
big sister - Bâjî
cousin - (Chachâzâd / Mâmûzâd) Bhâî (m.) Behn (f.)

grandmother - (paternal): Dâdî
grandmother - (maternal): Nânî
grandfather - (paternal): Dâdâ
grandfather - (maternal): Nânâ
grandson - (father side) pota
grandson - (mother side) nawâsâ
granddaughter - (father side) pôtî
granddaughter - (mother side) nawâsî

mother-in-law = sâs
father-in-law = susar
Son-in-law : dâmâd
Daughter-in-law: bahû
etc...

 

[francois_auffret]

Do you hear more /maa.n/ and /baap/ for /amii/ and /abuu/, respectively?

No! You are right, ammî and abbû are heard all the time and Mân and Bâp are rare and only used in expressions... I however felt that the proper word for the relationship would be mân : bâp not ammî : abbû...

Mân and Bâp are a bit more formal too... So people will not only address their parents by ammî / abbû, but will refer to them thus... Merî ammî keh rahî thî...

I would even say that Pâpâ and Mâmâ are more common than Mân / Bâp...

By the way, I noticed that so far in this forum Urdu / Hindi is the richest language in terms of kinship vocabulary... I found no word to translate the relation samdhî / samdhan in any other languages, athough I had started two threads on this topic... I am sure some other Asiatic languages must have them!

 

[panjabigator]

I've always found it quite odd and fascinating that my friends who are from just across the border always used different words for mother and father, even though we arguably spoke the same language on a day to day basis.

I've actually always had an opposite idea with the word/baap/; I've always been taught that it is a bit crude and informal. I can't think of a context where I'd use it. /maa.n/, on the other hand, is just filled to the brim with emotion (for me at least), and I can't think of another word which better incapsulates love, familiarity, and my mother better. The words that I use for my parents are /maa.n/ or (aur!) /mammi/ (and somewhere contextually interspersed, mom) and /paapaa/, sometimes followed by a /jii/ (marker of respect) depending on my mood.

The real pure Panjabi words for mother and father are /jhaaii/ or /bebe/ and /baapuu/ or /pio/. I'd use those words in jest because they are not apart of my lexicon or comfort base.

Panjabi is also quite rich in kinship vocabulary, mainly due to the fact that it has (too) many dialects, and so there are often choices. I'll post some later.

 

[francois_auffret]

I've always found it quite odd and fascinating that my friends who are from just across the border always used different words for mother and father, even though we arguably spoke the same language on a day to day basis.

I've actually always had an opposite idea with the word/baap/; I've always been taught that it is a bit crude and informal. I can't think of a context where I'd use it. /maa.n/, on the other hand, is just filled to the brim with emotion (for me at least), and I can't think of another word which better incapsulates love, familiarity, and my mother better. The words that I use for my parents are /maa.n/ or (aur!) /mammi/ (and somewhere contextually interspersed, mom) and /paapaa/, sometimes followed by a /jii/ (marker of respect) depending on my mood.

The real pure Panjabi words for mother and father are /jhaaii/ or /bebe/ and /baapuu/ or /pio/. I'd use those words in jest because they are not apart of my lexicon or comfort base.

Panjabi is also quite rich in kinship vocabulary, mainly due to the fact that it has (too) many dialects, and so there are often choices. I'll post some later.

You are perfectly right I think when you describe the pair maaN / baap. Baap is not necessarily always bad, but it is almost never used in positive contexts etc...

The pure Punjabi you're talking of, I guesss, is like here, in PK, mainly spoken in villages and / or middle-sized peripheral cities...

On the other hand, I've heard a lot ammaaN and abbaa too. And you must know that in a more formal context, or out of respect, one would use vaalid and vaaldaa, most of the time followed by saahib or saahiba...

I would be very pleased if you'd mention a few kinship terms in your Punjabi (which Punjabi is it, by the way, which area????). I myself mentioned the term Bhaawaj for Bhaabhii, but I'm pretty much sure it is Siraiki...

The Punjabi I can hear here wouldn't have too many differences with Urdu... Maasii would be used instead of Khaalaa and a few other changes.

There is also this word in Urdu: Hamzulf for the mutual relationship between husbands of the same sisters...

 

[asong_mula_sa_hilaga]

English - Tagalog here (the phrases in parentheses are not often used)

mother - nanay
father - tatay
son - anak (na lalaki)
daughter - anak (na babae)

uncle - tito
aunt - tita
nephew - pamangkin (-g lalaki; -g here is a suffix to the pamangkin word)
niece - pamangkin (-g babae)

brother - kapatid (na lalaki)
sister - kapatid (na babae)
(first, second) cousin - pinsan

cousin once removed - I have no idea what this is

grandmother - lola
grandfather - lolo
grandchild - apo
great grandmother - lola sa noo (literally means, grandmother in forehead)
great grandfather - lolo sa noo (grandfather in forehead)
great grandchild - apo sa tuhod (literally means, grandchild in knee)

mother-in-law - biyenan (-g babae)
father-in-law - biyenan (-g lalaki)
brother-in-law - bayaw
sister-in-law - hipag
son-in-law - manugang (na lalaki)
daughter-in-law - manugang (na babae)

the spouse of your spouse's brother/sister - bilas

 

[Kanes]

Here's on Bulgarian:

family - semeistvo
mother - maika
father - bashta
daughter - d'shteria
son - sin

wife - sapruga
husband - saprug

uncle - chicho
aunt - lelia
nephew - plemenik
niece - plemenica

brother - brat
sister - sestra
older brother - bate
older sister - kaka
cousins - bratovchedi

grandmother - baba
grandfather - dedo
grandson - vnuk
granddaughter - vnuchka

mother-in-law = svekarva
father-in-law = svekar
brother-in-law = bajanak
son-in-law = zet
daughter-in-law = snaha

wife's mother - t'shta
wife's father - t'st
husband's brother - devar

Distance is added with pra-

 

[Myllira]

Hi!

Here's the English-Dutch list:

mother - moeder
father - vader
son - zoon
daughter - dochter

uncle - oom/nonkel (that's 'uncle' in Flemish, the language spoken in northern Belgium)
aunt - tante
nephew - neef
niece - nicht

brother - broer
sister - zus

grandmother - grootmoeder
grandfather - grootvader
grandson - kleinzoon
granddaughter - kleindochter


mother-in-law = schoonmoeder
father-in-law = schoonvader
brother-in-law = schoonbroer
daughter-in-law = schoondochter
son-in-law = schoonzoon
sister-in-law = schoonzus

 

[arsham]

In Persian:

mother : mādar مادر
father : pedar پدر
son : pesar پسر
daughter : doxtar دختر

paternal uncle : amū عمو
maternal uncle : dāyī دایی
paternal aunt : amme عمه
maternal aunt : xāle خاله
brother : barādar برادر
sister : xāhar خواهر

grandmother : mādar-bozorg مادر بزرگ
grandfather : pedar-bozorg پدر بزرگ
grandson/granddaughter : nave or nabīre نوه، نبیره
great-grandfather : pedar-jad پدرجد
great-grandmother : mādar-jad مادرجد


brother-in-law : bājenāq باجناق
bridegroom : dāmād داماد

The rest of the "-in-law" compounds are formed by suffixing -zan (wife) or -šowhar (husband) to the approriate noun, for example:

sister-in-law (wife's sister) : xāhar-zan خواهرزن
sister-in-law (husband's sister) : xāhar-šowhar خواهرشوهر

Non biological kinship ("step-" compounds in English) is indicated by prefixing "nā-" and suffixing "-ī" to the appropriate word or simply through the adjective "nātanī",ناتنی, for exemple:

stepmother : nāmādarī نامادری, mādar-e nātanī مادرناتنی


I'll post the rest later!

 

[panjabigator]

You are perfectly right I think when you describe the pair maaN / baap. Baap is not necessarily always bad, but it is almost never used in positive contexts etc...

The pure Punjabi you're talking of, I guesss, is like here, in PK, mainly spoken in villages and / or middle-sized peripheral cities...

On the other hand, I've heard a lot ammaaN and abbaa too. And you must know that in a more formal context, or out of respect, one would use vaalid and vaaldaa, most of the time followed by saahib or saahiba...

I would be very pleased if you'd mention a few kinship terms in your Punjabi (which Punjabi is it, by the way, which area????). I myself mentioned the term Bhaawaj for Bhaabhii, but I'm pretty much sure it is Siraiki...

The Punjabi I can hear here wouldn't have too many differences with Urdu... Maasii would be used instead of Khaalaa and a few other changes.

There is also this word in Urdu: Hamzulf for the mutual relationship between husbands of the same sisters...

<bhaawaj> is definitely Siraiki. They also say <barjhaa'ii>, which I'm sure you've heard.

 

[Kraus]

Thank you all for your posts and merry Christmas!

In Russian:

mother : мать, мама
father : отец, папа
son : сын
daughter : дочь

uncle : дядя
aunt : тётя
brother : брат
sister : сестра

grandmother : бабушка
grandfather : дедушка
grandson : внук
granddaughter : внучка

 

[MaxJ]

Hi!

Here's the English-Dutch list:

mother - moeder
father - vader
son - zoon
daughter - dochter

uncle - oom/nonkel (that's 'uncle' in Flemish, the language spoken in northern Belgium)
aunt - tante
nephew - neef
niece - nicht

brother - broer
sister - zus

grandmother - grootmoeder
grandfather - grootvader
grandson - kleinzoon
granddaughter - kleindochter


mother-in-law = schoonmoeder
father-in-law = schoonvader
brother-in-law = schoonbroer
daughter-in-law = schoondochter
son-in-law = schoonzoon
sister-in-law = schoonzus

I would like to add a few things.

grandmother - grootmoeder
ggrandmother - overgrootmoeder
gggrandmother - betovergrootmoeder
ggggrandmother - oudmoeder

grandfather - grootvader
ggrandfather - overgrootvader
gggrandfather - betovergrootvader
ggggrandfather - oudvader

grandson - kleinzoon
ggrandson - achterkleinzoon
gggrandson - betachterkleinzoon

granddaughter - kleindochter
ggranddaughter - achterkleindochter
gggranddaughter - betachterkleindochter

brother-in-law = called "zwager" in The Netherlands

great aunt - oudtante
great uncle - oudoom

 

[sokol]

English-German:

mother - Mutter
father - Vater
son - Sohn
daughter - Tochter

uncle - Onkel
aunt - Tante
great uncle - Großonkel
great aunt - Großtante
nephew - Neffe
niece - Nichte
If you want to refer specifically to relatives from the father's or mother's side you can use for all terms for which this applies:
uncle from mother's side - Onkel mütterlicherseits
aunt from father's side - Tante väterlicherseits
(etc.)

brother - Bruder
sister - Schwester
brothers and sisters - Geschwister
(first, second) cousin - Cousin, Cousine [pronounced the 'French' way only in Austria; in Germany 'Cousin > Kuseng' also is widely used] (ersten, zweiten Grades); old-fashioned: Vetter (rarely used, and if then sometimes meaning 'distant relative' rather than cousin), Base (hardly used ever; sometimes also used for 'Tante')
cousin once removed - Cousin des Vaters/der Mutter (Cousin zweiten Grades)

grandmother - Großmutter, Oma
grandfather - Großvater, Opa
grandson - Enkel (Enkelsohn)
granddaughter - Enkel (Enkeltochter; also hypercorect: Enkelin)

mother-in-law = Schwiegermutter
father-in-law = Schwiegervater
brother-in-law = Schwager
sister-in-law = Schwägerin
son-in-law = Schwiegersohn
daughter-in-law = Schwiegertochter

stepfather - Stiefvater
stepmother - Stiefmutter
stepchild (stepson, stepdaughter) - Stiefkind (Stiefsohn, Stieftochter)

 

[ahshav]

Hebrew

mother - אמא (ima)
father - אבא (aba)
son - בן (Ben)
daughter - בת (bat)

uncle - דוד (dod)
aunt - דודה (doda)
nephew - אחיין (akhyan)
niece - אחיינית (akhyanit)

brother - אח (akh)
sister - אחות (akhot)

cousin - בן דוד (ben dod) (m)
cousin - בת דודה (bat doda) (f)

grandmother - סבתא (savta)
grandfather - סבא (saba)
grandson - נכד (nekhed)
granddaughter - נכדה (nekhda)

great-grandfather - סבא רבה (saba raba)
great-grandfather - סבתא רבה (savta raba)
great-grandson - נין (nin)
great-granddaughter - נינה (nina)

mother-in-law = חמות (khamot)
father-in-law = חותן (khoten)
brother-in-law = גיס (gis)
sister-in-law = גיסה (gisa)
son-in-law = חתן (khatan)
daughter-in-law = כלה (kala)

To indicate any step-relation (stepfather, etc) - add the word חורג (khoreg) for males and חורגת (khoreget) for females

 

[harwhit]

Thank you SerinusCanaria3075 for letting me know I am "tía abuela" to my great-nephews and great- nieces. Now, what do I call them?

 

[Izhora]

Kildin Saami:

mother – ēннѣ (énn)
father – аджь (adž')
son – āлльк (áll'k)
daughter – нӣййт (níjjt)

uncle (younger) – чēзда (tšézda)
uncle (mother's side, older) – ӣнн (ínn)
uncle (father's side, older) – ягк (jágk)
aunt (younger) – мӯдтѣ (múdt)
aunt (mother's side, older) – куэсськ (kuess'k)
aunt (father's side, older) – сӣссь (síss')

nephew – племьнэххьк (plem'nehh'k)
niece – племница (plemnitsa)

brother – вӣлльй (víll'j)
sister – вуэррьпэнѣ (vuerr'pen)

cousin (girl) – вуэррьпелль (vuerr'pell')
cousin (boy) – вӣлльйпелль (víll'jpell')

grandmother - оāххкь, āка (oáhhk', áka)
grandfather – āйй (ájj)
grandson, granddaughter (for grandmother) – āххкэв (áhhkev)
grandson, granddaughter (for grandfather) – āйев (ájev)

mother-in-law - вуеннь (vuenn')
father-in-law – вӯффьп (vúff'p)



Ingrian:

mother – emoi
father – izä
son – poika
daughter – tüär


uncle (mother's side) – enoi
uncle (father's side) – setä
aunt – täti, törkkä

nephew, niece – plemmäänikka

brother – veikkoi, velli
sister – siar

cousin – serkku

grandmother – ämmä, akka, moori
grandfather – äikä, ukkoi
grandson, granddaughter – vunukka

mother-in-law - ämmöi
father-in-law – äcintimä
son-in-law - vävü
daughter-in-law - sinohha
brother-in-law - näälä
sister-in-law - kälü

 

[apmoy70]

In Greek:

Mother: Μητέρα (mi'tera); less formal: Μάνα ('mana); more intimate: Μαμά (ma'ma); diminutives: Μητερούλα (mite'rula), Μανούλα (ma'nula), Mαμάκα (ma'maka).
Father: Πατέρας (pa'teras); less formal: Μπαμπάς (bam'bas); diminutives: Πατερούλης (pate'rulis), μπαμπακούλης (bamba'kulis).
Son: Υιός (i'os) or colloquially, γιός (ʝos); diminutive: Γιόκας ('ʝokas).
Daughter: Κόρη ('kori); diminutive: Κορούλα (ko'rula).
Siblings: Aδέλφια (a'ðelfça) or αδέρφια (a'ðerfça).
Brother: Αδελφός (aðel'fos) or αδερφός (aðer'fos).
Sister: Αδελφή ((aðel'fi) or αδερφή (aðer'fi).
Uncle: Θείος ('θios).
Aunt: Θεία ('θia).
Nephew: Ανηψιός (anipsi'os); the youngest nephew: Μικρανηψιός (mikranipsi'os).
Niece: Ανηψιά (anipsi'a); the youngest niece: Μικρανηψιά (mikranipsi'a).
Cousin: Εξάδελφος (e'ksaðelfos) or ξάδελφος ('ksaðelfos) for masculine; Εξαδέλφη (eksa'ðelfi) or ξαδέλφη (ksa'ðelfi) for feminine.
Cousins: Εξαδέλφια (eksa'ðelfça) or ξαδέλφια (ksa'ðelfça).
Grandmother: Γιαγιά (ʝa'ʝa); diminutive: Γιαγιούλα (ʝa'ʝula) or γιαγιακούλα (ʝaʝa'kula)*.
Grandfather: Παππούς (pa'pus); diminutive: Παππούλης (pa'pulis) or παππουλάκος (papu'lakos)*.
Great-grandfather: Προπάππος (pro'papos) or προπάππους (pro'papus).
Great-grandmother: Προγιαγιά (proʝa'ʝa).
Great-greatgrand...: Προπρο... (propro...)
Grandson: Εγγονός (eŋgo'nos).
Granddaughter: Εγγονή (eŋgo'ni).
Great-grandson: Δισέγγονος (ði'seŋgonos).
Great-granddaughter: Δισέγγονη (ði'seŋgoni).
Great-great-grandson: Tρισέγγονος (tri'seŋgonos).
Great-great-granddaughter: Τρισέγγονη (tri'seŋgoni).
Mother-in-law: Πεθερά (peθe'ra).
Father-in-law: Πεθερός (peθe'ros).
Son-in-law: Γαμπρός (ɣamb'ros).
Daughter-in-law: Νύφη ('nifi).
Brother's wife: Νύφη ('nifi).
Sister's husband: Γαμπρός (ɣamb'ros).
Wife's brother: Kουνιάδος (ku'ɲaðos).
Wife's sister: Κουνιάδα (ku'ɲaða).
The wives of two brothers: Συννυφάδες (sini'faðes).
The husbands of two sisters: Σύγγαμβροι ('siŋɣamvri).
Family: Οικογένεια (iko'ʝenia).
Relatives: Συγγενείς (siɲɟe'nis).
Offspring: Απόγονος (a'poɣonos).
Ancestor: Πρόγονος ('proɣonos).
Descendant: Επίγονος (e'piɣonos).

*Regiolect.

 

[AlJaahil]

I can add some Scottish Gaelic to this. 

Father - athair
Mother - màthair
Brother - bràthair
Sister - piuthair
Grandfather - seanair (contraction of sean-athair "old father")
Grandmother - seanmhair (contraction of sean-mhàthair "old mother")
For "greats" prefix sinn- (a variant of seann "old" related to sinnsear "ancestor") as many times as needed
Grandson - ogha
Granddaughter - ban-ogha (ban is "female")
For "greats" prefix iar- for 1, dubh- for 2, glas- for 3 and fionn- for 4, substituting rather than adding, i.e. great-great-great-great-grandson is just fionn-ogha. The prefixes in order mean "west; back, rear," "black," "green; grey; pale" and "white, fair (of skin)" - I have no idea why they're applied to kinship terms. 

For aunts and uncles we either use antaidh and uncail from English or specify the relationship, "aunt's sister," etc. 

Peculiarities are a separate set of words for foster-parents and foster-children, because fosterage was a central institution in the old culture, and a special word for "(first) cousin."

Foster-father - oide
Foster-mother - muime
Foster-son - dalta
Foster-daughter - ban-dalta

These are also used for godparents/godchildren and step-parents/children.

Cousin - co-ogha, literally "co-grandchild" because first cousins have the same grandparents. 

 

[Silverelf]

Please correct any mistakes that are spotted. I'm not all that big on kinship terms cos my family is pretty small. There are the more formal terms of address and the less formal ones. Where I have listed more than one term the one listed first will be the more formal one. I have only listed the more commonly used ones.

Mandarin

Mother - 母亲 mu qin, 妈妈 ma ma。
Father - 父亲 fu qin， 爸爸 ba ba
Son - 儿子 er zi
Daughter - 女儿 nü er

Uncle (Father's elder brothers) - 伯 bo (伯父 bo fu）. His wife: 伯母 bo mu
Uncle (Father's younger brothers) - 叔 shu。 His wife: 婶 shen （婶母 shen mu），婶婶 shen shen。
Uncle (Mother's brothers) - 舅 jiu。 His wife: 舅母 jiu mu

Aunt (Father's sisters) - 姑母 gu mu （姑妈 gu ma）， 姑姑 gu gu。Her husband:姑丈 gu zhang
Aunt (Mother's sisters) - 姨 yi。Her husband:姨丈 yi zhang
Nephew - 侄儿 zhi er
Niece - 侄女 zhi nv

Brother (elder) - 兄 xiong，哥哥 ge ge
Brother (younger) - 弟 di,弟弟 di di
Sister (elder) - 姐 jie,姐姐 jie jie
Sister (younger) - 妹 mei,妹妹 mei mei
Cousin (Father's side) - 堂 tang + sibling term. e.g. Elder male cousin = 堂兄 tang xiong, 堂哥 tang ge.
Cousin (Mother's side) - 表 biao + sibling term. e.g. Younger female cousin = 表妹 tang meiGrandmother (Father's side) - 祖母 zu mu,奶奶 nai nai.
Grandfather (Father's side) - 祖父 zu fu,爷爷 ye ye or 公公 gong gong
Grandmother (Mother's side) - 外祖母 wai zu mu,外婆 wai po.
Grandfather (Mother's side) - 外祖父 wai zu fu,外公 wai gong.

Grandson (Son of son) - 孙子 sun zi
Grandson (Son of daughter) - 外孙 wai sun
Granddaughter (Daughter of Son) - 孙女 sun nü
Granddaughter (Daughter of Daughter) - 外孙女 wai sun nü
Uncles, Aunts, siblings and other relatives where multiple people can be in the same category (eldest brother, youngest sister etc) are usually denoted with number ranks except for the eldest one which is denoted by the word for big (大 da)

Example: In a family of 3 siblings where the siblings are ranked according to the following list:

1) Brother : 大哥 da ge
2) Brother : 二哥 er ge
3) Me

 

[irinet]

In Romanian:
great-grandfather: Străbunic
great-grandmother: Străbunică
great-grandparents: Strabunici[/QUOTE]


great-grandchildren: Strănepoţi

 

[cmdunn1972]

I have a dear friend from Pakistan, and her mother tongue is Urdu. I understand some words in Hindi, but Urdu is different with kinship terms. Her in-laws (husband's parents) are visiting, and I would like to use the proper Urdu kinship terms for "aunty" and "uncle", especially as they are respected members of society and elderly. Can someone well versed in Urdu please advise the proper terms? I have been calling him "Uncle ji", but mixing English and Urdu doesn't sound so nice somehow. Thank you.

 

[Favara]

English -> Catalan

Son, daughter - Fill, filla
Grandson, granddaughter - Nét, neta
Father, mother - Pare, mare
Brother, sister - Germà, germana
Niece, nephew - Nebot, neboda
First cousin (second cousin...) - Cosí germà, cosina germana (cosí segon...)
Uncle, aunt - Oncle, tia
Grandfather, grandmother - Avi, àvia
Brother-in-law, sister-in-law - Cunyat, cunyada
Son-in-law, daughter-in-law - Gendre, nora
Father-in-law, mother-in-law - Sogre, sogra

There are a few more (i.e. your grandmother's nephew would be your oncle valencià), but these are the most usual.

 

[SuperXW]

Please correct any mistakes that are spotted. I'm not all that big on kinship terms cos my family is pretty small. There are the more formal terms of address and the less formal ones. Where I have listed more than one term the one listed first will be the more formal one. I have only listed the more commonly used ones.

According to Wikipedia, Chinese has the most complicated kinship terms. Every time I tried to summarize it, I got frustrated...
1. There are too many dialects in Chinese.
2. We turn to give each position different names.
3. There written forms is often different to their spoken forms. There are formal terms and nicknames...
4. They are flexible, for example, we can always add numbers before a relative to show his/her position...
I think, instead of summarizing here, better go check there...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_kinship

 

[franknagy]

Hungarian:
parent = szülő
father = apa
mother = anya
sibling = testvér
brother = fivér
elder brother = báty
younger brother = öccs
sister = nővér (in the sense of nun, nurse, too)
elder sister = nővér, néne
younger sister = húg
twin ... = iker-.
sister's husband and wife's brother = sógor
brother's wife and brother's wife = sógornő
A man who used to fuck a woman who is now my lover. = sógor
grandfather/mother = nagyapa/anya
great-grandfather/mother = dédapa/anya
^grandparent's grandparents = ükapa/anya
^grandparent's great-grandparents = szépapa/anya

grandson/daughter = unoka (in both genders)
great-grandson/daughter = dédunoka (in both genders)
... dédunoka
... ükunoka
... szépunoka
descendant in the 4³ generation = köbüki.
MZperX is the "köbüki" of Mézga Géza.

 

[yonh]

English-Korean:

Notes: English term - reference term, Romanized Korean - address term

Reference term : a word used to refer someone to other people. (e.g. husband, daughter)
Address term : a word used to call someone directly. (e.g. honey, you)

wife - 아내 anae - 여보 yeobo
husband - 남편 nampyeon - 여보 yeobo
father - 아버지 abeoji, 아빠 appa (casual)
mother - 어머니 eomeoni, 엄마 eomma (casual)
son - 아들 adeul
daughter - 딸 ttal
brother

elder brother​

(if you are male) 형 hyeong​

(if you are female) 오빠 oppa​

younger brother - 남동생 namdongsaeng​

sister

elder sister​

(if you are male) 누나 nuna​

(if you are female) 언니 eonni​

younger sister - 여동생 yeodongsaeng​

grandparents

father's father - 친할아버지 chinharabeoji​

father's mother - 친할머니 chinhalmeoni​

mother's father - 외할아버지 oeharabeoji​

mother's mother - 외할머니 oehalmeoni​

great-grandfather - 증조할아버지 jeungjoharabeoji
great-grandmother - 증조할머니 jeungjohalmeoni
great-great-grandfather - 고조할아버지 gojoharabeoji
great-great-grandmother - 고조할머니 gojohalmeoni

grandchildren

son's son - 친손자 chinsonja​

son's daughter - 친손녀 chinsonnyeo​

daughter's son - 외손자 oesonja​

daughter's daughter - 외손녀 oesonnyeo​

great-grandson - 증손자 jeungsonja
great-granddaughter - 증손녀 jeungsonnyeo
great-great-grandson - 현손 hyeonson
great-great-granddaughter - 현손녀 hyeonsonnyeo
great-great-great-grandson - 내손 naeson
great-great-great-great-grandson - 곤손 gonson
great-great-great-great-great-grandson - 잉손 ingson
great-great-great-great-great-great-grandson - 운손 unson

uncle

father's elder brother - 큰아버지 keunabeoji (his wife - 큰어머니 keuneomeoni)​

father's younger brother - 작은아버지 jageunabeoji (his wife - 작은어머니 jageuneomeoni)​

(if he is single) - 삼촌 samchon​

mother's brother - 외삼촌 oesamchon (his wife - 외숙모 oesungmo)​

aunt

father's sister - 고모 gomo (her husband - 고모부 gomobu)​

mother's sister - 이모 imo (her husband - 이모부 imobu)​

first cousin

father's brother's offspring - 친사촌 chinsachon​

father's sister's offspring - 고종사촌 gojongsachon​

mother's brother's offspring - 외사촌 oesachon​

mother's sister's offspring - 이종사촌 ijongsachon​

nephew (or niece) - 조카 joka
niece - 조카딸 jokattal

parents-in-law

wife's father - 장인 jangin - 장인어른 jangineoreun​

wife's mother - 장모 jangmo - 장모님 jangmonim​

husband's father - 시아버지 siabeoji - 아버님 abeonim​

husband's mother - 시어머니 sieomeoni - 어머님 eomeonim​

son-in-law - 사위 sawi - ○ 서방 his family name + seobang (e.g. 김 서방 Kim seobang)
daughter-in-law - 며느리 myeoneuri - 아가 aga

brother-in-law

(if you are male)​

elder sister's husband - 매형 maehyeong or 자형 jahyeong​

younger sister's husband - 매부 maebu​

(if he is younger than you) ○ 서방 his family name + seobang​

wife's brother - 처남 cheonam​

(if he is your wife's elder brother, and older than you) 형님 hyeongnim​

wife's sister's husband - 동서 dongseo​

(if he is your wife's elder sister's husband, and older than you) 형님 hyeongnim​

(if he is your wife's younger sister's husband, and younger than you) ○ 서방 his family name + seobang​

(if you are female)​

elder sister's husband - 형부 hyeongbu​

younger sister's husband - 제부 jebu​

(if he is younger than you) ○ 서방 his family name + seobang​

husband's elder brother - 아주버니 ajubeoni​

husband's younger brother - 시동생 sidongsaeng​

(if he is married) 서방님 seobangnim​

(if he is single) 도련님 doryeonnim​

husband's elder sister's husband - 아주버니 ajubeoni​

husband's younger sister's husband - 서방님 seobangnim​

sister-in-law

(if you are male)​

elder brother's wife - 형수 hyeongsu - 형수님 hyeongsunim​

younger brother's wife - 제수 jesu - 제수씨 jesussi​

wife's brother's wife - 처남댁 cheonamdaek​

(if she is your wife's elder brother's wife) 아주머니 ajumeoni​

wife's elder sister - 처형 cheohyeong​

wife's younger sister - 처제 cheoje​

(if you are female)​

elder brother's wife - 새언니 saeeonni​

younger brother's wife - 올케 olke​

husband's brother's wife - 동서 dongseo​

(if she is your husband's elder brother's wife) 형님 hyeongnim​

husband's sister - 시누이 sinui​

(if she is your husband's elder sister) 형님 hyeongnim​

(if she is your husband's younger sister) 아가씨 agassi​

nephew-in-law - 조카사위 jokasawi - ○ 서방 his family name + seobang
niece-in-law - 조카며느리 jokamyeoneuri - 아가 aga

co-parents-in-law

offspring's spouse's father - 사돈어른 sadoneoreun​

offspring's spouse's mother - 사부인 sabuin​