Dear foreros,

This thread is for you to suggest resources for languages discussed in this forum. Once approved by a moderator, suggested links will be moved to this fully moderated thread and deleted from this one.

It is not possible for moderators to assess the quality of the links for languages we do not understand. Native speakers are encouraged to point out problems with both links suggested here and links in the other thread.

We encourage you to help us collect as many helpful links as possible. Please abide by the following guidelines:

1. Do not post links for languages with a separate forum on WR. If you would like to suggest a link for those languages, contact the moderator(s) of the appropriate forum.
2. Do not send us PMs with links. We do not want to forego feedback from other natives.
3. Before you post, click here to make sure that the link you want to propose has not yet been added.
4. Do not post links to websites that

• are commercial (some unobtrusive advertising is acceptable as long as the language resource is available for free);
• contain illegal material;
• violate the rules of WR in any way.

5. To maximize clarity, please stick to the following required format:

Language
Category label
Link - a brief description in English ​

Example:
Turkish
Grammar
http://www.cromwell-intl.com/turkish/ - basics of Turkish grammar​

Category labels include, but are not limited to: Dictionaries, grammar, online courses, pronunciation, etymology, writing, vocabulary for tourists.

6. Most of the links should be language-related, but general information about culture and history is admissible.
7. You may provide translations of important navigational terms for sites not in English.

An example of a final product: Polish resources

 

A reminder: Please keep the descriptions succinct (3 lines are not succinct) and do not forget about category labels and language names as well.

Example:

for Turkish
Online courses:
http://cali.arizona.edu/maxnet/tur/ - lessons for beginners with audio files
http://www.turkishclass.com/turkish_lessons_qdemir - lessons for beginners

Moderators who will deal with your links are not necessarily proficient in all involved languages. Please make it easier for us.



Jana

 

Lezgi courses (a language of Dagestan (the Russian North Caucasus):
http://lezgi.republika.pl/chal.html (in English)
http://lezgi.republika.pl/chal.html (in Russian)

Chuvash (Central Russia):
http://ru.chuvash.org/e/d098d0b7d183d187d0b0d0b5d0bc20d18fd0b7d18bd0ba

 

Ingush:

http://ingush.narod.ru/lang/ - the alphabet, some grammar and a comprehensive dictionary + a dictionary of common sayings. All in Russian.

http://www.ingushetiya.ru/news/11077.html -a very good set of lessons in Russian.

 

Multilingual: http://www.ielanguages.com

A link to tutorials in various Indo-European languages as well as Indonesian, Turkish and Finnish as well as comparative tutorials all of which I found very very useful.

 

Buryat

http://uchebnik.netfirms.com/index.htm
A free online course in Russian

 

A collection of very good Russian-Ossetian and Ossetian-Russian dictionaries

http://slovar.iriston.com/

 

Ossetian course in Russian:


http://logos.iriston.com/LANGUAGE/Self-taught/index.htm

 

Hungarian

Grammar:
hungarianreference.com
– A thorough grammatical guide, plus same basic phrases

Online courses:
unilang.org/course.php?res=70
– Hungarian for Beginners: 4 lessons with exercises and a pronounciation guide (IPA)

 

Scottish Gaelic:
http://www.hp.europe.de/kd-europtravel/gaelic/gaelic0.htm
A beginners course for Gaelic in German.

Irish Gaeilge:
http://www.braesicke.de/gramadac.htm
A short Irish grammar, written in German


Multilingual resources - pronunciation:

IPA (official site):
http://www2.arts.gla.ac.uk/IPA/ipachart.html
IPA charts; and there's a link on this website to audio files which could be downloaded here:
http://web.uvic.ca/ling/resources/ipa/handbook_downloads.htm
but are copyrighted by IPA and may only be downloaded for personal use.


Multilingual resources - phonetics and perception/audio files:

Ladefoged's sound archives/UCLA phonetics:
http://hctv.humnet.ucla.edu/departments/linguistics/VowelsandConsonants/index/sounds.html
Huge set of audio files (founded by the renowned phonetician Peter Ladefoged, 1925-2006). This is the main page of the site which also offers a course in phonetics:
http://hctv.humnet.ucla.edu/departments/linguistics/VowelsandConsonants/index.html
while here, again founded by Ladefoged, sounds can be searched by language:
http://archive.phonetics.ucla.edu/


Multilingual resources - writing (contributed by Athaulf):

Unicode:
http://www.unicode.org/
Unicode homepage; links to individual charts here:
http://www.unicode.org/charts/symbols.html
http://www.unicode.org/charts/
How to display Unicode on your browser:
To display the symbols shown in these charts copy-paste the following text into a WordPad [or similar programme] document, replace the numbers by those shown in the Unicode charts and safe as file.html; if you open this document with your browser Unicode characters will be displayed:

<html>
<body>
<font face="Lucida Sans Unicode">
&#x430;&#x300;&#x435;&#x438;&#x300;&#x43E;&#x443;&#x300;&#x440;&#x435;&#x300;&#x438&#x43E;
<br><br>
&#x061;&#x300;&#x065;&#x069;&#x300;&#x06F;&#x075;&#x300;&#x072;&#x065;&#x300;&#x069;
</font>
</body>
</html>

These symbols then can be copy-pasted to any text you are writing on your browser.

If you want to check if your browser supports a specific set of Unicode characters you may do so here:
http://www.alanwood.net/unicode/browser-coverage.html

 

Nepali:

http://www.ms.dk/sw75174.asp - PDF grammars, mp3 files, video and more, all free. Great site.

 

Cambodian:

http://www.bongthom.com/AKOnline/selectchapterek.asp - Various sound files, with some rather disjointed notes on grammar.

http://www.seasite.niu.edu/khmer/Default.htm - Has grammar and conversation section. You need to download the fonts to use them properly, though.

http://books.google.com/books?id=_I...rn+spoken+cambodian&ei=SxKhSez_KJLYlQT0yrSNAg - Franklin Huffman's "Modern Spoken Cambodian." You can't download it, but you can virtually read the whole text.

http://www.cls.yale.edu/cambodian/ - All the sound files for Huffman's book, above.

http://www.pratyeka.org/csw/ - Huffman's primer on written Cambodian, PDF downloadable.

http://www.fsi-language-courses.org/Content.php?page=Cambodian - Foreign Service Institute books, with MP3 downloads of drills and links to other PDF files of US Government material.

 

Multilingual
source language : Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese or Spanish
target language : Chinese, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish
Vocabulary
http://bestvoc.com provides basic vocabulary (4 words every day, with grammar and example) from 7 languages into 10 languages

 

Friesland's Afûk has added two introductory courses for (West) Frisian and Dutch on its VoLANGteers website (volangteers.nl - click the headphones).

An introduction to North Frisian (for West Frisian speakers) can be found on Henk Wolf's Skriuwsels site (skriuwsels.net - first page)

 

Irish English Dictionary - one of the best online dictionaries I have seen for any language... including verb conjugator.

http://www.irishdictionary.ie/dictionary

 

Multilingual: I'm not familiar with this area of WR, so perhaps there's a better place for this, in which case I trust the mods will move it, but, seeing the number of "unknown language" posts I thought you might be interested in this language identifier:

http://www.xrce.xerox.com/competencies/content-analysis/tools/guesser

You type (or copy and paste) a few words in and it will try to identify the language for you. Not sure how it would work with character-based languages, though.

 

Google Translate can now produce transliteration of many non-Roman based languages for which it has translations (currently with the exception of Arabic, Persian and Hebrew).

It work pretty good for Chinese (pinyin is not perfect), Japanese (Roma-ji), Korean (Roma-ja), Russian.

Have checked with some words I know in Greek, Hindi and Thai. The Thai transliteration symbols are a bit strange sometimes but it's some indication. Definitely worth looking at.

http://translate.google.com/

 

Vietnamese online dictionary, looks pretty good, translations from English are arranged by sense, there are example sentences:
http://vdict.com/

The transliteration tool has been updated - improved and has more languages.
http://www.google.com/transliterate/indic

 

Gaeilge

A Learner's Guide to Irish by Donna Wong

http://spailpin.blogspot.com/2009/03/free-download-learners-guide-to-irish.html


Does what it says on the tin. Better than 14 years in the Irish educational system(in my opinion at least.)

 

Dicionarios en liña/Diccionarios en línea:
http://www.estraviz.org. (con grafía aportuguesada)
http://digalego.com/diccionario (con normativa oficial)
Dicionario inglés-galego/Diccionario inglés-gallego:
http://sli.uvigo.es/dicionario/
Tradutor español-galego e galego español/Traductor español-gallego y gallego-español:
Open Trad apertium
Instituto Cervantes (contempla máis linguas hispánicas)
Enciclopedias en liña/Enciclopedias en línea:
EGU
Dicionario de fraseoloxía/Diccionario de fraseología (en grafía aportuguesada):
http://www.agal-gz.org/modules.php?name=Encyclopedia&op=list_content&eid=3
Dicionario francés-galego/Diccionario francés-gallego:
Freelang
Dicionario galego de construción naval/Diccionario gallego de construcción naval:
http://dicionarionavalgalego
Dicionario galego de tecnoloxía informática/Diccionario gallego de tecnología informática:
Digatic

 

1. Dicionarios de galego en galego:
Estraviz
Ir Indo
R.A.G.
Dicionario de dicionarios
2. Enciclopedia en galego:
E.G.U.
3. Vocabularios especializados:
Construción naval
Tecnoloxías informáticas
4. Fraseoloxía:
http://www.agal-gz.org/modules.php?name=Encyclopedia&op=list_content&eid=3
5. Dicionarios bilingües galego-outras linguas:
Galego-Inglés, Inglés-galego
Galego-Francés, Francés-Galego
6. Tradutores automáticos:
Open Trad apertium
Outra versión do Open Trad na Universidade de Vigo
Instituto Cervantes
7. Recursos xerais para a lingua galega:
Instituto da Lingua Galega
Consello da Cultura Galega
8. Dialectoloxía:
A fala eo-naviega
A fala do Val de Xálima 1
A fala do Val de Xálima 2
O Valverdeiru
Vocabulario de San Martín de Trevellu
A fala do Xálima en PROEL
Galego berciano 1
Galego berciano 2
Galego berciano 3: Ensayos poéticos… de Antonio Fernández y Morales con vocabulario (pxs. 371 e seguintes)
Galego d’As Portelas
Zonas dialectais do galego
9. Historia da lingua, o galego medieval:
Tesouro informatizado la lingua galega
10. Estudos lingüísticos e recuersos varios:
Estudos de Lingüística Galega
Vocabulario Ortográfico da Lingua galega (V.O.L.G.)
LOIA

No pretendí ser muy exhaustivo y faltan los comentarios a cada enlace ya que es muy desigual el valor de cada uno de ellos. Iré incorporando comentarios sobre valor y uso. Muchos enlaces remiten a nuevos enlaces muy valiosos, lo cual me ha ahorrado ponerlos aquí para no repetirme. Para un extranjero es bueno empezar por el enlace LOIA.

El tema de la dialectología del gallego llamado exterior (fuera de las fronteras políticas de Galicia) está envenenado por vanas discusiones políticas, aunque los filólogos tenemos muy claro cuales son las fronteras lingüísticas.

El tema de la relación del gallego con el portugués es otro tema muy discutido sobre el que se tienen visiones diferentes y coincidentes a ambas riberas del Miño.

 

Ladin Dolomitan (a.k.a. Ladin Standard)
Grammar
http://www.spell-termles.ladinia.net/documents/gramatica_LS_2001.pdf

This "Gramatica dl ladin standard (GLS)", together with the "Dizionar dl ladin standard (DLS)", which is still in progress, are an effort made by all local cultural institutions to unify the several branches of the Ladin Dolomitan (language spoken by about 25,000 persons on the area of the Dolomites in Italy) in a common written language.

 

Indonesian
Dictionaries
http://www.sederet.com/ - Good online dictionary, EN-ID & ID-EN.
http://pusatbahasa.diknas.go.id/kbbi/ - Online dictionary of the Indonesian language regulator (Pusat Bahasa). ID-ID only.

 

Recursos para o galego:

Dicionario de Pronuncia Xosé Luís Regueira Versión Definitiva

As palabras galegas coa súa transcrición en alfabeto fonético AFI. ¡Fundamental!

 

Thai
Dictionary
http://dict.longdo.com/
Multiple Bilingual Dictionary Search and Compilation Service
English - Thai, Japanese - Thai, German - Thai, French - Thai Dictionary

 

Tibetan
Forum
http://www.langues-du-tibet.net

Trilingual forum (English, French, Tibetan) dedicated to Tibetan languages (literary and spoken dialects).

 

Resources on Turkic languages(in French)(PDF format)
http://www.turuz.com/page/firansaca-kitablar.aspx
Resources on Turkic languages(in English)(PDF format)
http://www.turuz.com/page/ingilizce-kitablar.aspx
Resources on Turkic languages(in Farsi)(PDF format)
http://www.turuz.com/page/farsca-kitablar.aspx
For using above mentioned resources knowing Turkish or Azeri(due to Site's language) is prerequisite.

Books in Azerbaijani(PDF format)in Azerbaijan National Library
http://anl.az/
Books about Arabic language in Turkish(PDF format)
http://www.turuz.com/page/ereb-dili-kitablar.aspx

Books about Uighur and turkmen languages:Grammars,Dictionaries etc(PDF format)
http://www.turuz.com/page/uyqurlar.aspx
http://www.turuz.com/page/turkmenler.aspx

 

Wolof (Wollof)
dictionaries, grammar, pronunciation, etymology, vocabulary for tourists, etc.
http://JangaWolof.com/ - A website/blog about the Wolof language & culture of Senegambia (Senegal & The Gambia). Also touches on the other languages of the region (French, Arabic, Pulaar, Mandinka, etc.)




​

 

Amharic

Vocabulary for tourists
www dot easyethiopiatravel dot com/common-amharic-words dot shtml - useful phrases and words for tourists and foreigners

 

http://www.denisowski.org/Vietnamese/Vietnamese.html
Downloadable Vietnamese-English dictionary (>52,000 entries, UTF8 text file) and vocab lists

 

Lithuanian
Reading material
www.postilla.mch.mii.lt/kalba/baltai.en Information on Lithuanian history and language explained in English.

Lithuanian
Linguistics
www.lituanus.org Quarterly journal covering linguistics. Articles in English.

 

Latvian
Reading material
www.balticsealibrary.org Multilingual. Short stories by authors from the Baltic Sea area translated into Latvian, Lithuanian, Swedish, German, Finnish, Estonian, Russian, Polish... Can be used as a learning resource (comparing translations, for instance). Learning by reading.

Latvian
Reading material
www.literature.lv/en Latvian literature with translations into German, Swedish, English.

Latvian
Reading material
www.latvianliterature.lv Literature translated into English, magazine about Latvian literature

Latvian
Audio lessons
www.50languages.org 100 mp3 files. Basic sentences. Many language combinations available, such as German-Latvian, English-Latvian, Russian-Latvian,...

Latvian
Learning blog
www.learninglatvian.rozentali.com English. Explaining basics and everyday life expressions

Latvian
Linguistics
www.baltistika.lt Articles on linguistic issues. Lithuanian and Latvian.

Latvian
Reading material
www.pasakas.lv Short stories (fairytales, stories for children). Simple language, can be used as a learning resource. Text, audio, short animated films.

 

Mari (Uralic language)
Textbook with audio files
www.mari-language.com Russian and English. Downloadable pdf.

 

Livonian
Phrasebook
www.eraksti.lv Latvian-Livonian-English phrase book, basics of grammar explained. Downloadable as a pdf.

This is the direct link: www.eraksti.lv/fetchbook.php?urlkey=1312742

 

Estonian
Video course
https://www.keeleklikk.ee/en/welcome - Beginners' lessons building up to intermediate level - direct link to the English version of the course

Estonian:
Reading material
http://balticsealibrary.de/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=77&Itemid=104 - Multilingual site, short stories, cross-translated

Estonian:
Reading material
http://www.estonica.org/en/ - Estonian texts on issues like geography and history translated into English and Russian

Estonian:
Reading material
http://www.ut.ee/verse/index.php?&lan=eng - Estonian poetry with explanations in English

Estonian
Dictionary
http://portaal.eki.ee/dict/ies/ - English-Estonian

 

Here's an interesting one. A user called Aydintashtar linked this over 5 years ago.
It's website for Azerbaijani Turkish. Whether or not it should be listed here depends on interpretation.
I consider Azerbaijani to be sort of like what American English is to British English. (Except you know, Azerbaijani was influenced by Persian and to a lesser degree Russian)
But hey this is the Turkish forum, so why not list it.
http://anadilbilimocagi.blogspot.com

 

North Frisian (Mooring variety):
Grammar
Noardfryske spraakleare (Explanations in West Frisian)

 

www.iomla.net/vocadiv
Is an online dialect dictionary of Romagnolo Imolese->Italiano->Romagnolo Imolese.
Imolese dialect is spoken till today in the district town of Imola.
The district of Imola linguistically is part of Romagna that includes part of the Italian province of Bologna and the provinces of Ravenna, Forlì and Rimini.
The Romagnolo dialect is also spoken in the Republic of San Marino and in the province of Pesaro