Slovak: words different from Czech, Polish and Ukrainian
SK: vravieť = to tell, to talk, to narrate (synonymous with the verb hovoriť)
CZ: říkat, povídat, mluvit PL: mówić UA: розповідати
Czech has only a (literary) noun - vřava = uproar, turmoil, tumult (/mix of various sounds), in Slovak vrava = conversation, talk; way of speaking
Polish: wrzawa = 1. mix of voices / screams / sounds... 2. commotion, tumult
CZ: říkat, povídat, mluvit PL: mówić UA: розповідати
Czech has only a (literary) noun - vřava = uproar, turmoil, tumult (/mix of various sounds), in Slovak vrava = conversation, talk; way of speaking
Polish: wrzawa = 1. mix of voices / screams / sounds... 2. commotion, tumult
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SK: mačka = cat
CZ: kočka PL: kot UA: кішка
CZ: kočka PL: kot UA: кішка
SK: raňajky (pluralia tantum) = breakfast (ráno = morning)
CZ: snídaně PL: śniadanie UA: сніданок
CZ: snídaně PL: śniadanie UA: сніданок
Russian: (kot) is a male cat, a female cat is mačka
You mean "кошка", right?
Yes, I do. Sorry for the mistake. I do not know why I wrote mačka...You mean "кошка", right?
You were looking at the Slovak word, I suppose...I do not know why I wrote mačka...
Yes, I was. I must have pasted the wrong word from the message above.
SK: lopta = ball
CZ: míč, UA: м'яч, PL: piłka
CZ: míč, UA: м'яч, PL: piłka
I thought the idea is that the Slovak word should be completely different from the other three.It would be more fantastic to list only completely different words [different etymology] here (míč, м'яч
I think that at least some of these Slovak words taken from Hungarian meet this requirement: chýr, írečitý, beťár, bosorka, budzogáň, frmol, somár, gamby, curigať, biršagovať, igen, perkelt, chotár, oldomáš, juhás, husár, šarkan, bajúzy, kantár, dínom-dánom, jarok, sihoť, banovať, bantovať, cifrovať, árendáš, čatloš, lojtra.
However, it should be noted that due to the specific development of the Slovak language, only quite a few Slovak terms calqued from Hungarian got from dialects into modern or literary Slovak.
Very interesting list, thank you.
I don't speak any Slovak, but I guess most of these words are now archaic or dialectal, right?
There are a few words that I can't identify.
What do the following mean?
írečitý, gamby, curigať, sihoť
Is lojtra really Hungarian? We use the same word colloquialy in Slovenian (standard word is lestev) and it comes from German as far as I know.
Assuming it means ladder of course, maybe it’s a false friend
Yes, it comes from German, both in Hungarian (létra) and in Slovak/Slovene.
ankle
really different in all Slavic languages
Czech: kotník
Slovak: členok
Polish: kostka
Ukranian: щи́колотка
Russian: лодыжка
Bulgarian: глезен
Upper Sorbian: kulka
It would be interesting to find similar words in other language groups, I mean, totally different words in Romance languages, right?
really different in all Slavic languages
Czech: kotník
Slovak: členok
Polish: kostka
Ukranian: щи́колотка
Russian: лодыжка
Bulgarian: глезен
Upper Sorbian: kulka
It would be interesting to find similar words in other language groups, I mean, totally different words in Romance languages, right?
I'm only familiar with 'щиколотка' in Russian.
I'm not saying that 'лодыжка' is wrong, but it's less common, I guess. Maybe it also depends on the region.
When I was a young kid we said “cajga” to refer to our “bicycle” and said “cajgázni” to refer to the verb “to bicycle”. At that time I had not the slightest idea that we, Hungarian biker kids also used some words in our jargon which had a very similar form among the Slovak bikers kids/community.
“Yes, it comes from German, both in Hungarian (létra) and in Slovak/Slovene.”
Let me add that also in Hungarian there is a form lajtorja, which is archaic/rustic and nowadays a bit of funny form of “létra”
In Budapest we used "canga" and "cangázni".
Yes, as you wrote it, now I remember that in Győr both forms existed. With j and with n.
EDIT: in the meantime it also came to my mind that the changes of the form must have been that in Hungarian bicikli => bicaj => cajga => canga.
My question is whether in Slovak is there any forms close to “bicaj”, similarly as the Slovak “cajgel” is close to the Hungarian “cajga”?
EDIT: in the meantime it also came to my mind that the changes of the form must have been that in Hungarian bicikli => bicaj => cajga => canga.
My question is whether in Slovak is there any forms close to “bicaj”, similarly as the Slovak “cajgel” is close to the Hungarian “cajga”?
Most probably no. I would rather think "cajgel" comes from English "sajkl" through the slovakisation process.
You might find it interesting we commonly pronounce (at least we in the West) "mám bicygel" or "dva bicygle".
Some of these words - or their cognates - are known in Polish or in dialects. Baciar, buzdygan, juhas, husarz (albo huzar), kantar, arendarz...
I guess you mean “proposal” when a boy/man asks a girl/woman for marriage.
As I know it is also called “proposal” when you dont ask her herself, but her father/parents (whether just father or both depends on the local culture) for their permission.
Before the proposal there is courting/courtship (period of being fallen in love). Maybe that?
EDIT: also called wooing
EDIT: also called wooing
I checked the definition of pytačka, and it seem to be “making a proposal, and that of námluvy, but it seems to be “courting/wooing”.
Are you sure that they are the closest Slovak and Czech words, respectively, to each other as regards their meaning?
Are you sure that they are the closest Slovak and Czech words, respectively, to each other as regards their meaning?
I agree that Slovak "pytačky" - asking the girl's parents for her hand in marriage - would normally come after a period of "dvorenie" - courting, wooing.
I was surprised to see that, by the dictionary definition, Czech "námluvy" seems to refer to both:
Slovník spisovného jazyka českého
Is this correct? Does this reflect a period when marriages were arranged by the parents to the extent that there was no actual courtship between the young folks? I'm genuinely confused now.
@Cautus ? @Mori.cze ? @Enquiring Mind ? please help
I was surprised to see that, by the dictionary definition, Czech "námluvy" seems to refer to both:
Slovník spisovného jazyka českého
Is this correct? Does this reflect a period when marriages were arranged by the parents to the extent that there was no actual courtship between the young folks? I'm genuinely confused now.
@Cautus ? @Mori.cze ? @Enquiring Mind ? please help
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