Split from this thread: Hindi: Use of Verb Forms of 'Tum' with the 'Aap' and this: Urdu / Hindi: Aap + verb stem + e(n)
These threads discuss several matters i.a. subjunctive and degrees of politeness etc. Although mentioned here and there, the subject at hand, the origin and geographical range of usage of this kind of construction where the honorific personal pronoun aap appears to be used within a syntax in agreement with tum, has not been explored thoroughly enough.
It deserves to be brought more into the spotlight by devoting a thread wholly to it.
The aim of this thread is to meet this need and it is open to both Urdu and Hindi speakers since this phenomenon is in existence in both languages.
Some examples to illustrate this usage:
aap kidhar jaa rahe ho?
aap aisaa na(h) karo!
In both sentences, according to standard grammar it ought to be either
tum kidhar jaa rahe ho? tum aisaa na(h) karo/(karnaa)! or
aap kidhar jaa rahe haiN? aap aisaa na(h) kiijiye/(kareN/karnaa)
As generally known, this usage is widespread. I would be glad if all of you could help me to trace the origins of it and draw a picture of its geographical occurrence.
Let me begin with the very old post from the beginning of one of the referred threads.
Since Punjabi does not normally have honorific aap and uses instead similar verbal form with tusiiN (tusiiN karo) the most popular and widespread opinion which I heard and read in a range of sources is that it is due to Punjabi influence.
Hypothesis 2): Delhi speech
This is also heard frequently, backed by the excerpt from an old book (QP SaaHib, would you please quote it here?).
I heard it from Rajasthanis. There are instances of people who don't come from Delhi nor Punjab who use it, likes of Iftikhar Arif and Shamsur Rahman Faruqi.
Can we have all the instances gathered here to begin with?
These threads discuss several matters i.a. subjunctive and degrees of politeness etc. Although mentioned here and there, the subject at hand, the origin and geographical range of usage of this kind of construction where the honorific personal pronoun aap appears to be used within a syntax in agreement with tum, has not been explored thoroughly enough.
It deserves to be brought more into the spotlight by devoting a thread wholly to it.
The aim of this thread is to meet this need and it is open to both Urdu and Hindi speakers since this phenomenon is in existence in both languages.
Some examples to illustrate this usage:
aap kidhar jaa rahe ho?
aap aisaa na(h) karo!
In both sentences, according to standard grammar it ought to be either
tum kidhar jaa rahe ho? tum aisaa na(h) karo/(karnaa)! or
aap kidhar jaa rahe haiN? aap aisaa na(h) kiijiye/(kareN/karnaa)
******
As generally known, this usage is widespread. I would be glad if all of you could help me to trace the origins of it and draw a picture of its geographical occurrence.
Let me begin with the very old post from the beginning of one of the referred threads.
Hypothesis 1): Punjabi influence*Under Punjabi influence, I generally hear aap + ho imperative constructions in place of this e(n) one, I heard this a lot in India as well.
Since Punjabi does not normally have honorific aap and uses instead similar verbal form with tusiiN (tusiiN karo) the most popular and widespread opinion which I heard and read in a range of sources is that it is due to Punjabi influence.
Hypothesis 2): Delhi speech
This is also heard frequently, backed by the excerpt from an old book (QP SaaHib, would you please quote it here?).
I heard it from Rajasthanis. There are instances of people who don't come from Delhi nor Punjab who use it, likes of Iftikhar Arif and Shamsur Rahman Faruqi.
Can we have all the instances gathered here to begin with?